Copolymerization parameters of acrolein and acidic vinyl monomers

TL;DR: In this article, the reactivities of acrolein copolymerized by radical initiation in aqueous solutions with sodium p-styrenesulfonate and acrylic acid, respectively, in the pH range of 3-7.

Abstract: Acrolein was copolymerized by radical initiation in aqueous solutions with sodium p-styrenesulfonate and acrylic acid, respectively, in the pH range of 3–7. The reactivities were shown to be pH-dependent. For the acrolein (M1)–sodium p-styrenesulfonate (M2) pair, r1 = 0.33 ± 0.15 and r2 = 0.32 ± 0.05 at pH 3; r1 = 0.23 ± 0.12 and r2 = 0.05 ± 0.03 at pH 5; r1 = 0.26 ± 0.03 and r2 = 0.025 ± 0.025 at pH 7. For the acrolein (M1)–acrylic acid (M2) pair, r1 = 0.50 ± 0.30 and r2 = 1.15 ± 0.2 at pH 3; r1 = 2.40 ± 0.50 and r2 = 0.05 ± 0.05 at pH 5; r1 = 6.70 ± 3.00 and r2 = 0.00 at pH 7. For acrolein, the new values of Q = 1.6 and e = 1.2 have been calculated. For sodium p-styrenesulfonate, the values Q = 0.76 and e = −0.26 at pH 3, Q = 0.51 and e = −0.87 at pH 5, Q = 0.39 and e = −1.00 at pH 7 were obtained; and for acrylic acid, the values Q = 1.27 and e = 0.50 at pH 3, Q = 0.11 and e = −0.22 at pH 5 were derived. The changes in reactivity are explained on the basis of inductive and resonance effects.