Contusive spinal cord injury evokes localized changes in NADPH-d activity but extensive changes in Fos-like immunoreactivity in the rat
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TL;DR: The data suggest that increased NADPH‐d expression is related to conditions specific to the site of injury, whereas the changes in c‐fos expression probably indicate more global changes in neuronal activity following SCI.
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Abstract: The histological detection of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d), a marker for nitric oxide-producing cells, was used to evaluate ongoing changes in the neural biochemistry of the rat spinal cord 1 week following contusive spinal cord injury (SCI). In addition, the immunohistochemical detection of the immediate-early gene c-fos was used to identify basal patterns of neural activity at this time. The numbers and laminar locations of NADPH-d- and c-fos-positive cells were examined in spinal segments adjacent to the site of injury (T12-S3) as well as those distant from the injury (C3-C5) in both SCI and un-injured rats. Our data show that contusive SCI results in a significant reduction in NADPH-d labelling in the superficial dorsal horn, and a significant increase in NADPH-d expression in small bipolar neurons and large motoneurons in the ventral horn at the site of the injury. In spinal segments distant to the injury site (C3-C5), NADPH-d activity did not differ from that of uninjured controls. Furthermore, significant reductions in the levels of c-fos expression were observed in SCI rats, in spinal segments both at and distant to the site of injury for all spinal laminae. The only exception was a dramatic increase observed in the sacral parasympathetic nucleus. These data suggest that increased NADPH-d expression is related to conditions specific to the site of injury, whereas the changes in c-fos expression probably indicate more global changes in neuronal activity following SCI.
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References
Long-lasting increase of nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity, NADPH-diaphorase reaction and c-JUN co-expression in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons following sciatic nerve transection.
Carlos E. Fiallos-Estrada,Wolfgang Kummer,Bernd Mayer,Rodrigo Bravo,Manfred Zimmermann,Thomas Herdegen +5 more
TL;DR: Changes of NADPH-diaphorase reaction (NDP) and nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity (NOS-IR) in neurons of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were investigated following transection and ligation of rat sciatic nerve.
182
Coexistence of NADPH diaphorase with GABA, glycine, and acetylcholine in rat spinal cord.
TL;DR: A combined enzyme histochemical and immunocytochemical study with antibodies to GABA, glycine, and choline acetyltransferase to determine which types of neuron in the spinal cord contain NADPH diaphorase.
180
Subpopulations of GABAergic neurons in laminae I-III of rat spinal dorsal horn defined by coexistence with classical transmitters, peptides, nitric oxide synthase or parvalbumin.
TL;DR: It is shown that peptide-immunoreactivity did not coexist with NADPH diaphorase, which suggests that neither of these peptides coexists with nitric oxide synthase or with acetylcholine in neurons in the superficial dorsal horn.
176
Morphometric analysis of a model of spinal cord injury in guinea pigs, with behavioral evidence of delayed secondary pathology.
TL;DR: Overall, functional outcome correlated significantly with the number of surviving axons in the lesion, and the phenomenon of "secondary" pathology was striking at the behavioral level, whereas evidence of delayed injury has been indirect in most animal models.
175
The role of nitric oxide in nociception.
Z D Luo,Dasa Cizkova +1 more
- 01 Dec 2000
TL;DR: The latest advances in understanding of the contribution of NO to pain transduction are summarized and possible cellular mechanisms regarding the connection between NO production and the abnormal sensation derived from different stimuli and pathologic conditions are discussed.
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