Book Chapter10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00301-6
Composition of the Continental Crust
Roberta L. Rudnick,Shan Gao +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the present-day composition of the continental crust, the methods employed to derive these estimates, and the implications of continental crust composition for the formation of the continents, Earth differentiation, and its geochemical inventories are discussed.
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Abstract: This chapter reviews the present-day composition of the continental crust, the methods employed to derive these estimates, and the implications of the continental crust composition for the formation of the continents, Earth differentiation, and its geochemical inventories. We review the composition of the upper, middle, and lower continental crust. We then examine the bulk crust composition and the implications of this composition for crust generation and modification processes. Finally, we compare the Earth's crust with those of the other terrestrial planets in our solar system and speculate about what unique processes on Earth have given rise to this unusual crustal distribution.
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References
The nature of orogenic crust in the central Andes
Susan L. Beck,George Zandt +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors combined receiver function and surface wave dispersion results from the BANJO-SEDA project with other geophysical studies to characterize the nature of the continental crust and mantle lithospheric structure.
Isotope geochemistry of xenoliths from East Africa: Implications for development of mantle reservoirs and their interaction
TL;DR: In this article, the isotope results suggest that the mantle part of the continental lithosphere beneath Tanzania has components that have undergone a complex history that includes major chemical fractionations ca. 2.0 Ga ago.
Chemical Composition of Rocks and Soils at the Pathfinder Site
TL;DR: In this paper, the Pathfinder data were used to determine whether the PF rocks are igneous or sedimentary, but for petrogenetic reasons they could be igneous, and they suggested a model in which Mars is covered by about 50% basaltic and 50% andesitic rocks.
Continental margins and the extent and number of the continents
TL;DR: In this paper, a map of the extent of continental crust is presented, showing that the continents are more extensive and less dispersed than they are conventionally thought to be, and the average thickness is 36 km; small continents seem to be thinner than large ones and height and thickness are strongly interdependent.
Ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism in the lower crust during Neoarchean Ventersdorp rifting and magmatism, Kaapvaal Craton, southern Africa
TL;DR: A diverse suite of ultra-high-temperature (UHT) granulite xenoliths from kimberlites of the central Kaapvaal craton (South Africa) record the deep crustal manifestation of Neoarchean Ventersdorp extensional tectonics and magmatism as discussed by the authors.