Book Chapter10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00301-6
Composition of the Continental Crust
Roberta L. Rudnick,Shan Gao +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the present-day composition of the continental crust, the methods employed to derive these estimates, and the implications of continental crust composition for the formation of the continents, Earth differentiation, and its geochemical inventories are discussed.
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Abstract: This chapter reviews the present-day composition of the continental crust, the methods employed to derive these estimates, and the implications of the continental crust composition for the formation of the continents, Earth differentiation, and its geochemical inventories. We review the composition of the upper, middle, and lower continental crust. We then examine the bulk crust composition and the implications of this composition for crust generation and modification processes. Finally, we compare the Earth's crust with those of the other terrestrial planets in our solar system and speculate about what unique processes on Earth have given rise to this unusual crustal distribution.
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References
Nd and Sr isotope chronostratigraphy of Colorado Plateau lithosphere: implications for magmatic and tectonic underplating of the continental crust
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured Nd-Sr isotopes and major and trace element abundances in lower and upper crustal xenoliths carried in Tertiary minettes and kimberlitic diatremes of the Colorado Plateau.
94
Catazonal xenoliths in French Neogene volcanic rocks: Constitution of the lower crust
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed 87 samples of granulitic xenoliths scavenged by the Neogene volcanoes in French Massif Central, and confirmed the presence of rocks with both sedimentary and igneous derivation chemically similar to other granulite rocks, especially those of the Frazer Range in Australia.
91
Petrology and geochemistry of xenoliths from the Northern Baltic shield: evidence for partial melting and metasomatism in the lower crust beneath an Archaean terrane
P.D. Kempton,Hilary Downes,E.V. Sharkov,V.R. Vetrin,Dmitri A. Ionov,Dennis A. Carswell,Andy Beard +6 more
TL;DR: Lower crustal xenoliths entrained in a Paleozoic ultramafic lamprophyre breccia pipe on Elovy island, Kola peninsula, Russia, represent some of the oldest lower crustal material yet investigated from Europe as mentioned in this paper.
87
Geochemistry of exposed granulite facies terrains and lower crustal xenoliths in Mexico
Sheila J. Roberts,Joaquin Ruiz +1 more
TL;DR: The trace element compositions of 13 samples from exposed granulite facies terrains and 17 granulitic lower crustal xenoliths were determined using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer to constrain the composition and evolution of the Mexican lower crust.
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