Complications and challenges associated with polycystic ovary syndrome: current perspectives.
TL;DR: Women with PCOS are considered to be at increased risk of obstetric, cardiometabolic, oncology, and psychological complications throughout life, and it is recommended that these women be accurately assessed with periodic follow-up.
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Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents the most common endocrine dysfunction in fertile women and it is considered a heterogeneous and multifaceted disorder, with multiple reproductive and metabolic phenotypes which differently affect the early- and long-term syndrome's risks. Women with PCOS present an adverse reproductive profile, including a high risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Patients with PCOS present not only a higher prevalence of classic cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type-2 diabetes mellitus, but also of nonclassic cardiovascular risk factors, including mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Moreover, at the moment, clinical data on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in women with PCOS are controversial. Finally, women with PCOS show an increased risk of endometrial cancer compared to non-PCOS healthy women, particularly during premenopausal period. Currently, we are unable to clarify if the increased PCOS early- and long-term risks are totally due to PCOS per se or mostly due to obesity, in particular visceral obesity, that characterized the majority of PCOS patients. In any case, the main endocrine and gynecological scientific societies agree to consider women with PCOS at increased risk of obstetric, cardiometabolic, oncology, and psychological complications throughout life, and it is recommended that these women be accurately assessed with periodic follow-up.
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Citations
Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome
Dolian Gg,Burnazian Ra,Vanetsian Al,Okoev Gg,Abgarian Mt +4 more
- 01 Jul 1989
TL;DR: It is suggested that ultrasound, laparoscopic, hormonal and endometrial parameters should be employed as diagnostic criteria for ovarian polycystosis.
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A Novel Letrozole Model Recapitulates Both the Reproductive and Metabolic Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Female Mice.
Alexander S. Kauffman,Varykina G. Thackray,Genevieve E. Ryan,Kristen P. Tolson,Christine A. Glidewell-Kenney,Sheila J. Semaan,Matthew C. Poling,Nahoko Iwata,Kellie M Breen,Antoni J. Duleba,Elisabet Stener-Victorin,Shunichi Shimasaki,Nicholas J. G. Webster,Pamela L. Mellon +13 more
TL;DR: This is the first report of a LET paradigm in mice that recapitulates both reproductive and metabolic PCOS phenotypes and will be useful to genetically probe the PCOS condition.
Insulin, insulin receptors, and cancer
TL;DR: All conditions of hyperinsulinemia, both endogenous (prediabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes before pancreas exhaustion and polycystic ovary syndrome) and exogenous (type 1 diabetes) will increase the risk of cancer.
188
Polycystic ovary syndrome throughout a woman’s life
José Bellver,Luis Rodriguez-Tabernero,Ana Robles,Elkin Muñoz,Francisca Martínez,Jose Landeras,Juan A. Garcia-Velasco,Juan Fontes,Monica Alvarez,Claudio Alvarez,Belen Acevedo +10 more
TL;DR: Polycystic ovary syndrome exhibits a great metabolic complexity and its diagnosis needs to be revised once again and adapted to recent data obtained by new technologies.
175
Myo-inositol effects in women with PCOS: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
TL;DR: The trial sequential analysis of insulin meta-analysis illustrates that the cumulative z-curve crossed the monitoring boundary, providing firm evidence of the intervention effect of MI in improving the metabolic profile of women with PCOS, concomitantly reducing their hyperandrogenism.
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TL;DR: Previous meta-analyses on endometrial thickness measurement probably have overestimated its diagnostic accuracy in the detection of endometrian carcinoma, and advise the use of cutoff level of 3 mm for exclusion ofendometrial carcinoma in women with postmenopausal bleeding.
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Pregnancy complications in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
TL;DR: Pregnant women with PCOS experience a higher incidence of perinatal morbidity from gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and preeclampsia, and their babies are at an increased risk of neonatal complications, such as preterm birth and admission at a neonatal intensive care unit.
310
Aromatase Inhibitors for Ovulation Induction
TL;DR: An update on the use of aromatase inhibitors for induction of ovulation is presented and several new areas of potential interest are discussed, either alone or together with recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) for infertility treatment.
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Molecular Abnormalities in Oocytes from Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Revealed by Microarray Analysis
TL;DR: Promoter analysis suggests that androgens and other activators of nuclear receptors may play a role in differential gene expression in the PCOS oocyte and annotation of the differentially expressed genes suggests that defects in meiosis or early embryonic development may contribute to reduced developmental competency of PCos oocytes.
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Pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a metaanalysis.
TL;DR: The higher association of pregnancy complications and PCOS compared with patients who do not have PCOS is confirmed and there may be a stronger association between PCOS and hypertensive disorders than has been shown previously.
297