Journal Article10.1111/J.1651-2227.2008.00744.X
Complex regional pain syndrome type I in children.
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TL;DR: The aim of this study was to search for differences in patient characteristics between children and adults with CRPS I.
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Abstract: BACKGROUND: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type I (CRPS I) is a potentially incapacitating syndrome which can occur after a minor injury or operation to a limb. It is a disorder characterized by pain, sensory and motor disturbances. CRPS I is well known in adults, but a relatively new diagnostic entity in children. The clinical presentation of CRPS I in children is, to some extent, different from adults and therefore sometimes not recognized early. The aim of this study was to search for differences in patient characteristics between children and adults with CRPS I. METHODS: We have performed a retrospective chart review of 78 children (age </=16 year) with CRPS I and compared the data with those of 951 adults with CRPS I. RESULTS: The child population consisted predominantly of girls and older children (median age 13 years). The child population differed from adults in that the skin temperature of the involved extremity at onset was more often cooler, the lower extremity was involved more frequently and neurological and sympathetic symptoms were less pronounced. CONCLUSIONS: In several aspects, CRPS I in children has a different presentation than in adults.
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Citations
Complex regional pain syndrome: A comprehensive and critical review
Andrea T. Borchers,M E Gershwin +1 more
TL;DR: A detailed critical overview of not only the history of CRPS, but also the epidemiology, the clinical features, the pathophysiological studies, the proposed criteria, the therapy and an emphasis that future research should apply more rigorous standards to allow a better understanding ofCRPS are provided.
213
Insights into the mechanisms and the emergence of sex-differences in pain.
TL;DR: Clinical and fundamental data are reviewed here with a special emphasis on possible developmental processes giving rise to sex-differences in pain processing, and the role of gonadal hormones in the modulation of pain responses.
126
Sex and gender differences in pain.
TL;DR: For example, this article revealed significant sex differences in the physiological mechanisms underlying pain, including sex specific involvement of different genes and proteins as well as distinct interactions between hormones and the immune system that influence the transmission of pain signals.
118
Managing Chronic Pain in Children and Adolescents: A Clinical Review
Bradford W. Landry,Philip R. Fischer,Sherilyn W. Driscoll,Krista M. Koch,Cynthia Harbeck-Weber,Kenneth J. Mack,Robert T. Wilder,Brent A. Bauer,Joline E. Brandenburg +8 more
TL;DR: A multidisciplinary approach for managing children with chronic pain, including pediatric pain rehabilitation programs, is emphasized and psychological factors and interventions for pediatric chronic pain and potential complementary and alternative natural products and interventions are discussed.
115
Pediatric complex regional pain syndrome: a review
TL;DR: Standard care consists of a multidisciplinary approach with the implementation of intensive physical therapy in conjunction with psychological counseling, and Pharmacological treatments may aid in reducing pain in order to allow the patient to participate fully in intensive physiotherapy.
103
References
Signs and symptoms of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: prospective study of 829 patients.
TL;DR: Early symptoms of reflex sympathetic dystrophy are those of an inflammatory reaction and not of a disturbance of the sympathetic nervous system, and support the concept of an exaggerated regional inflammatory response to injury or operation in reflex sympathetic Dystrophy.
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Reflex sympathetic dystrophy: changing concepts and taxonomy
TL;DR: A revised taxonomic system for disorders previously called reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) and causalgia is presented and these revised categories have been included in the 2nd edition of the IASP Classification of Chronic Pain Syndromes.
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Complex regional pain syndrome: mystery explained?
Wilfrid Jänig,Ralf Baron +1 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesised that CRPS is a systemic disease involving the CNS and peripheral nervous system and there should be diagnostic reclassification and redefinition of CRPS.
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