Complementation contributes to transcriptome complexity in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids relative to their inbred parents
Anja Paschold,Yi Jia,Caroline Marcon,Steve Lund,Nicholas B. Larson,Cheng Ting Yeh,Stephan Ossowski,Christa Lanz,Dan Nettleton,Patrick S. Schnable,Frank Hochholdinger +10 more
TL;DR: In hybrids, ∼14% of expressed genes exhibited allele-specific expression (ASE) levels that differed significantly from the parental-inbred expression ratios, providing further evidence for interactions of regulatory factors from one parental genome with target genes from the other parental genome.
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Abstract: Typically, F(1)-hybrids are more vigorous than their homozygous, genetically distinct parents, a phenomenon known as heterosis. In the present study, the transcriptomes of the reciprocal maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids B73×Mo17 and Mo17×B73 and their parental inbred lines B73 and Mo17 were surveyed in primary roots, early in the developmental manifestation of heterotic root traits. The application of statistical methods and a suitable experimental design established that 34,233 (i.e., 86%) of all high-confidence maize genes were expressed in at least one genotype. Nearly 70% of all expressed genes were differentially expressed between the two parents and 42%-55% of expressed genes were differentially expressed between one of the parents and one of the hybrids. In both hybrids, ∼10% of expressed genes exhibited nonadditive gene expression. Consistent with the dominance model (i.e., complementation) for heterosis, 1124 genes that were expressed in the hybrids were expressed in only one of the two parents. For 65 genes, it could be shown that this was a consequence of complementation of genomic presence/absence variation. For dozens of other genes, alleles from the inactive inbred were activated in the hybrid, presumably via interactions with regulatory factors from the active inbred. As a consequence of these types of complementation, both hybrids expressed more genes than did either parental inbred. Finally, in hybrids, ∼14% of expressed genes exhibited allele-specific expression (ASE) levels that differed significantly from the parental-inbred expression ratios, providing further evidence for interactions of regulatory factors from one parental genome with target genes from the other parental genome.
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Citations
Progress Toward Understanding Heterosis in Crop Plants
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The B73 Maize Genome: Complexity, Diversity, and Dynamics
Patrick S. Schnable,Doreen Ware,Robert S. Fulton,Joshua C. Stein,Fusheng Wei,Shiran Pasternak,Chengzhi Liang,Jianwei Zhang,Lucinda Fulton,Tina Graves,Patrick Minx,Amy Denise Reily,Laura Courtney,Scott Kruchowski,Chad Tomlinson,Cindy Strong,Kim D. Delehaunty,Catrina Fronick,Bill Courtney,Susan M. Rock,Eddie Belter,Feiyu Du,Kyung Kim,Rachel Abbott,Marc Cotton,Andrew Levy,Pamela Marchetto,Kerri Ochoa,Stephanie M. Jackson,Barbara Gillam,Weizu Chen,Le Yan,Jamey Higginbotham,Marco Cardenas,Jason Waligorski,Elizabeth Applebaum,Lindsey Phelps,Jason Falcone,Krishna L. Kanchi,T. K. Thane,Adam Scimone,Nay Thane,Jessica Henke,Thomas J. Wang,Jessica Ruppert,Neha Shah,Kelsi Rotter,Jennifer S. Hodges,Elizabeth Ingenthron,Matt Cordes,Sara Kohlberg,Jennifer Sgro,Brandon Delgado,Kelly Mead,Asif T. Chinwalla,Shawn Leonard,Kevin Crouse,Kristi Collura,Dave Kudrna,Jennifer Currie,Ruifeng He,Angelina Angelova,Shanmugam Rajasekar,Teri Mueller,Rene Lomeli,Gabriel Scara,Ara Ko,Krista Delaney,Marina Wissotski,Georgina Lopez,David Campos,Michele Braidotti,Elizabeth Ashley,Wolfgang Golser,Hyeran Kim,Seunghee Lee,Jinke Lin,Zeljko Dujmic,Woojin Kim,Jayson Talag,Andrea Zuccolo,Chuanzhu Fan,Aswathy Sebastian,Melissa Kramer,Lori Spiegel,Lidia Nascimento,Theresa Zutavern,Beth Miller,Claude Ambroise,Stephanie Muller,William Spooner,Apurva Narechania,Liya Ren,Sharon Wei,Sunita Kumari,Ben Faga,Michael J. Levy,Linda McMahan,Peter Van Buren,Matthew W. Vaughn,Kai Ying,Cheng Ting Yeh,Scott J. Emrich,Scott J. Emrich,Yi Jia,Ananth Kalyanaraman,Ananth Kalyanaraman,An-Ping Hsia,W. Brad Barbazuk,Regina S. Baucom,Thomas P. Brutnell,Nicholas C. Carpita,Cristian Chaparro,Jer Ming Chia,Jean-Marc Deragon,James C. Estill,Yan Fu,Jeffrey A. Jeddeloh,Yujun Han,Hye-Ran Lee,Pinghua Li,Damon Lisch,Sanzhen Liu,Zhijie Liu,Dawn H. Nagel,Maureen C. McCann,Phillip SanMiguel,Alan M. Myers,Dan Nettleton,John D. Nguyen,Bryan W. Penning,Lalit Ponnala,Kevin L. Schneider,David C. Schwartz,Anupma Sharma,Carol Soderlund,Nathan M. Springer,Qi Sun,Hao Wang,Michael S. Waterman,Richard P. Westerman,Thomas K. Wolfgruber,Lixing Yang,Yeisoo Yu,Lifang Zhang,Shiguo Zhou,Qihui Zhu,Jeffrey L. Bennetzen,R. Kelly Dawe,Jiming Jiang,Ning Jiang,Gernot G. Presting,Susan R. Wessler,Srinivas Aluru,Srinivas Aluru,Robert A. Martienssen,Sandra W. Clifton,W. Richard McCombie,Rod A. Wing,Richard K. Wilson +159 more
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