Journal Article10.1007/BF00304006
Chromosome variation in protoplast-derived potato plants.
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TL;DR: In both cultivars chromosome variation was found between calluses, within calluses and even within shoot cultures, but the nature of the chromosome variation differed.
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Abstract: Chromosomes have been studied in protoplast-derived potato plants of the tetraploid cultivars Maris Bard and Fortyfold. A high degree of aneuploidy was found amongst the regenerants of both cultivars but the nature of the chromosome variation differed. The Maris Bard regenerants were characterised by high chromosome numbers, a wide range of aneuploidy (46–92) and a low percentage of plants with the normal chromosome number (2n = 48), whereas a much higher proportion of the Fortyfold regenerants had 48 chromosomes and the variants were within a more limited aneuploid range. In both cultivars chromosome variation was found between calluses, within calluses and even within shoot cultures. The origin of the chromosome variation and the differences found between the two cultivars are discussed.
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Citations
Somaclonal Variation — Origin, Induction, Cryopreservation, and Implications in Plant Breeding
Y. P. S. Bajaj
- 01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: Since the publication of Larkin and Scowcroft (1981) there has been an upsurge of interest, and the attitude toward these changes has shifted to using the somaclonal variations for plant improvement.
74
Molecular, cytogenetic and morphological characterization of somatic hybrids of dihaploid Solanum tuberosum and diploid S. brevidens
TL;DR: Analysis of somatic hybrid plants showed that nuclear ploidy has the most prominent influence on the overall morphology of the hybrids, and all six possible combinations of genome dosage and chloroplast types were found amongst tetraploids and hexaploids.
72
Studies on the genetic basis of resistance to potato leaf roll virus, potato virus Y and Potato virus X in Solanum brevidens using somatic hybrids of Solanum brevidens and Solanum tuberosum
TL;DR: Correlation of resistance to the different viruses was observed in aneuploid hybrids lacking parental chromosomes, suggesting that resistance/susceptibility is associated with the loss of individual S. brevidens or S. tuberosum chromosomes.
71
Flow cytometric analysis of polysomaty and in vitro genetic instability in potato
K. Sree Ramulu,P. Dijkhuis +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that flow cytometry is a highly suitable method to detect ploidy changes in differentiated plant tissues and calli which are often not amenable for chromosome number determination.
69
Field performance and cytology of protoplast-derived rice (Oryza sativa): high yield and low degree of variation of four japonica cultivars
TL;DR: Protoplast-derived rice plants of four Japanese cultivars were individually cultivated in a submerged paddy field and showed more stems, which resulted in more panicles than respective control plants, which is encouraging for the possibility of rice breeding using protoplasts.
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References
Somaclonal variation — a novel source of variability from cell cultures for plant improvement
Philip J. Larkin,W. R. Scowcroft +1 more
TL;DR: It is argued that this variation in plant cell culture itself generates genetic variability (somaclonal variation) that may be employed to enhance the exchange required in sexual hybrids for the introgression of desirable alien genes into a crop species.
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Chromosomal variability in tissue cultures and regenerated plants of Hordeum.
TL;DR: In vitro chromosomal variability was observed in callus and suspension cultures of Hordeum vulgare, H. jubatum, and their interspecific hybrid, and the extent to which each class of chromosome variability was present in a culture depended upon differentiated state, age, and history.
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Karyotypic changes in callus cultures from haploid and diploid plants of Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr
TL;DR: Two auxin-heterotrophic callus cultures of Crepis capillaris were studied and it has been found that new karyotypes also originate through chromosome rearrangements at the same ploidy level as the original explant.
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Reaction to phytotoxins in a potato population derived from mesophyll protoplasts.
TL;DR: These compounds can be used effectively to select for toxin-insensitive and sensitive clones of a Russet Burbank potato cultivar that have been regenerated from single mesophyll protoplasts that maintain their reaction type to these fungal toxins for at least two generations of vegetative propagation.
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