Journal Article10.1093/JN/NXAA361
Childhood Daily Energy Expenditure Does Not Decrease with Market Integration and Is Not Related to Adiposity in Amazonia
Samuel S. Urlacher,Samuel S. Urlacher,J. Josh Snodgrass,Lara R. Dugas,Felicia C. Madimenos,Lawrence S. Sugiyama,Melissa A. Liebert,Cara Joyce,Enrique Teran,Herman Pontzer +9 more
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors used gold-standard measurements of children's energy expenditure to investigate the changes that underlie childhood overweight and obesity and the nutrition/epidemiologic transition.
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Abstract: Background Childhood overweight and obesity (OW/OB) is increasingly centered in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as rural populations experience market integration and lifeway change. Most explanatory studies have relied on imprecise estimates of children's energy expenditure, restricting understanding of the relative effects of changes in diet and energy expenditure on the development of OW/OB in transitioning contexts. Objectives This study used gold-standard measurements of children's energy expenditure to investigate the changes that underlie OW/OB and the nutrition/epidemiologic transition. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected from "rural" (n = 43) Shuar forager-horticulturalist children and their "peri-urban" (n = 34) Shuar counterparts (age 4-12 y) in Amazonian Ecuador. Doubly labeled water measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE; kcal/d), respirometry measurements of resting energy expenditure (REE; kcal/d), and measures of diet, physical activity, immune activity, and market integration were analyzed primarily using regression models. Results Peri-urban children had higher body fat percentage (+8.1%, P 0.09). Diet and energy expenditure associations with adiposity demonstrate that only reported consumption of market-acquired "protein" and "carbohydrate" foods predicted children's body fat levels (multiple P Conclusions Despite underlying patterns in REE, Shuar children's TEE is not reliably related to market integration and-unlike dietary measures-does not predict adiposity. These findings suggest a leading role of changing dietary intake in transitions to OW/OB in LMICs.
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Citations
Balancing growth, reproduction, maintenance, and activity in evolved energy economies
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TL;DR: In this article , a model of energy flow to competing physiological tasks (physical activity, maintenance, and reproduction or growth) was proposed to examine the influence of environmental factors and the expansion and contraction of energy budgets in the evolution of life history strategies.
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TL;DR: This work found Hadza adults ’ TEE were indistinguishable from those of comparatively sedentary Westerners, leading to the Constrained TEE hypothesis, which proposes that the body adjusts dynamically to changes in physical activity, keeping TEE within a relatively narrow range.
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Applying an evolutionary mismatch framework to understand disease susceptibility.
Amanda J Lea,Andrew G Clark,Andrew W Dahl,Orrin Devinsky,Angela R Garcia,Christopher D Golden,Joseph Maina Kamau,Thomas S Kraft,Yvonne A L Lim,Dino J Martins,Donald Mogoi,Päivi Pajukanta,George H Perry,Herman Pontzer,Benjamin C. Trumble,Samuel S. Urlacher,Vivek V Venkataraman,Ian J Wallace,Michael Gurven,Daniel E. Lieberman,Julien F. Ayroles +20 more
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the total energy expenditure (TEE) of reindeer herders during the annual herd round-up in the cold climate of northern Finland using doubly labeled water (TEEDLW) and flex-heart rate (TEHR) methods.
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Hotter and sicker: External energy expenditure and the tangled evolutionary roots of anthropogenic climate change and chronic disease
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