Journal Article10.1002/RCM.7669
Characterization of the phytochelatins and their derivatives in rice exposed to cadmium based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with data-dependent hybrid linear ion trap orbitrap mass spectrometry
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TL;DR: The HPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap method was successfully developed for the identification of PCs and their derivatives in rice, and preliminary results revealed that PCs andtheir derivatives, except GSH, are markedly induced by Cd treatment.
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Abstract: Rationale
The identification and quantification of phytochelatins (PCs) and their derivatives are important to understand their roles in plant growth and development. A method couplling high-performance liquid chromatography with hybrid linear ion trap Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap) was developed to screen PCs that have the same characteristic product ions. This approach was used for the fragmentation pattern analysis of glutathione (GSH) and PC standards, which allowed identification of the fragmentation pathways of their derivatives isolated from rice roots, stems and leaves.
Methods
In this study, we developed a method to detect and identify PCs and their derivatives in rice based on HPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap. Spectrum interpretation and MS/MS fragmentation patterns of PCs provide sufficient information to discover the novel PC derivatives. This approach includes precursor ion scan and product ion scan to detect and character the novel PC derivatives.
Results
Based on HCD-MS/MS fragmentation patterns, four PCs and 18 PC derivatives were identified. Among them, seven PC derivatives, i.e., iso-PC2(Asn), iso-PC3(Asn), iso-PC2(Cys), des-γGlu-iso-PC3(Ser), des-Cys-iso-PC2(Glu), des-Cys-iso-PC3(Glu) and des-Cys-iso-PC4(Glu), have not been previously reported. This method was validated by profiling GSH, PCs and PC derivatives in rice. Preliminary results revealed that PCs and their derivatives, except GSH, are markedly induced by Cd treatment.
Conclusions
The HPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap method was successfully developed for the identification of PCs and their derivatives. The C-terminal linked to Gly is replaced with Glu, Ser, Asn, Gln or Cys, thereby creating a family of chemicals that share several structural properties. This technique could be particularly useful for investigators studying plant metabolomics. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper , a comprehensive review of the recent data on PC biosynthesis, structure, and role in metal(loid) transport and sequestration in the vacuoles of plant cells is provided.
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Responses of glutathione and phytochelatins biosysthesis in a cadmium accumulator of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. under cadmium contaminated conditions.
TL;DR: Hydroponic experiments conducted to analyze the effects of glutathione and phytochelatins in roots, stems, and leaves of Perilla frutescens under cadmium stress showed that the non-protein thiols in roots and stems mainly existed in the form of GSH, PC2, PC3, and PC4 under Cd stress condition, and PCs played a key role in Cd tolerance.
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Phytochelatins: A Key Regulator against Heavy Metal Toxicity in Plants
Mohammad Faizan,Pravej Alam,Anjuman Hussain,Fadime Karabulut,Sadia Haque Tonny,Shi Hui Cheng,Mohammad Yusuf,Muhammad Faheem Adil,Shafaque Sehar,Sarah Owdah Alomrani,Thamer H. Albalawi,Shamsul Hayat +11 more
TL;DR: Phytochelatins (PCs) play a crucial role in mitigating heavy metal toxicity in plants by chelating and sequestering metals, maintaining cellular integrity, and promoting tolerance mechanisms, making them a novel molecule for further research and crop improvement under stress conditions.
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Screening of the proteins related to the cultivar-dependent cadmium accumulation of Brassica parachinensis L.
Hui-Ling Fu,Xue-song Wang,Ying-Ying Huang,Ying-Ying Huang,Fei-Yue Gong,Jing-jie Guo,Chun-Tao He,Zhong-Yi Yang +7 more
TL;DR: Novel insights are provided in the cultivar-dependent Cd accumulation in shoots of B. parachinensis due to up-regulated proteins involved in cellulose biosynthesis and pectin de-esterification enhanced the Cd sequestration of root cell walls, which was considered as the predominant strategy for reducing Cd accumulations in shoots.
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