Book Chapter10.1016/B978-0-08-050836-8.50014-7
CHAPTER TEN – Pregnancy
Richard E. Jones
- 01 Jan 2006
pp 253-296
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TL;DR: Pregnancy is the condition in which a developing human is nurtured within the uterus that begins at conception and lasts for about 266 days as discussed by the authors, during which the mother supports the developing human to a stage at which it can exist in the outside world.
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Abstract: Publisher Summary
This chapter describes the process of pregnancy or gestation, during which the mother supports a developing human to a stage at which it can exist in the outside world. Pregnancy is the condition in which a developing human is nurtured within the uterus that begins at conception and lasts for about 266 days. There are presumptive, probable, and positive signs of pregnancy. Pregnancy tests detect the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin in a woman's urine or blood that can utilize bioassay, immunoassay, or radioimmunoassay. A woman is pregnant if she misses her first menstrual period. The embryo forms three primary germ layers, which gives rise to all adult tissues. Pregnancy brings about physiological changes and psychological adjustments in the future mother as well as remarkable development and growth of the fetus. The internal relationship between the mother and the fetus terminates in childbirth. Embryonic and fetal development is complex and is accompanied by the growth and development of all adult organ systems. Many fetal organ systems are functional early in development. Some maternal complications of pregnancy include toxemia, diabetes mellitus, placenta previa, ectopic pregnancy, hydatidiform moles, septic pregnancy, and maternal hemorrhage.
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TL;DR: The Adapted Mind as discussed by the authors explores evolutionary psychology and its implications for a new view of culture, in which the traditional view of the mind as a general-purpose computer, tabula rasa or passive recipient of culture is being replaced by the view that the mind resembles an intricate network of functionally specialized computers, each of which imposes contentful structure on human mental organization and culture.
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Association between Bacterial Vaginosis and Preterm Delivery of a Low-Birth-Weight Infant
Sharon L. Hillier,Robert P. Nugent,David A. Eschenbach,Marijane A. Krohn,Ronald S. Gibbs,David H. Martin,Mary Frances Cotch,Robert R. Edelman,J G Pastorek nd,A V Rao +9 more
TL;DR: The women with bacterial vaginosis were more likely to be unmarried, to be black, to have low incomes, and to have previously delivered low-birth-weight infants.
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Implantation and the placenta: key pieces of the development puzzle
TL;DR: The mammalian embryo cannot develop without the placenta, which binds the embryo to the uterus and redirects maternal endocrine, immune, and metabolic functions to the embryo's advantage.
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Male fetal progenitor cells persist in maternal blood for as long as 27 years postpartum
TL;DR: The data demonstrate the continued maternal circulation of fetalCD34+ or CD34+CD38+ cells from a prior pregnancy, which may represent a human analogue of the microchimerism described in the mouse and may have significance in development of tolerance of the fetus.
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A placental clock controlling the length of human pregnancy.
TL;DR: It is reported that the exponential rise in maternal plasma CRH concentrations with advancing pregnancy is associated with a concomitant fall in concentrations of the specific CRH binding protein in late pregnancy, leading to a rapid increase in circulating levels of bioavailable CRH at a time that coincides with the onset of parturitions, suggesting that CRH may act directly as a trigger for parturition in humans.
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