Cerebellum and ocular motor control.
Amir Kheradmand,David S. Zee +1 more
TL;DR: The approach will be based on structural–functional correlation, combining the effects of lesions and the results from physiologic studies, with the emphasis on the cerebellar regions known to be most closely related to ocular motor function.
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Abstract: An intact cerebellum is a prerequisite for optimal ocular motor performance. The cerebellum fine-tunes each of the subtypes of eye movements so they work together to bring and maintain images of objects of interest on the fovea. Here we review the major aspects of the contribution of the cerebellum to ocular motor control. The approach will be based on structural–functional correlation, combining the effects of lesions and the results from physiologic studies, with the emphasis on the cerebellar regions known to be most closely related to ocular motor function: (1) the flocculus/paraflocculus for high-frequency (brief) vestibular responses, sustained pursuit eye movements, and gaze holding, (2) the nodulus/ventral uvula for low-frequency (sustained) vestibular responses, and (3) the dorsal oculomotor vermis and its target in the posterior portion of the fastigial nucleus (the fastigial oculomotor region) for saccades and pursuit initiation.
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Consensus Paper: Revisiting the Symptoms and Signs of Cerebellar Syndrome
Florian Bodranghien,Amy J. Bastian,Carlo Casali,Mark Hallett,Elan D. Louis,Mario Manto,Peter Mariën,D. A. Nowak,Jeremy D. Schmahmann,Mariano Serrao,Katharina M Steiner,Michael Strupp,Caroline Tilikete,Dagmar Timmann,Kim van Dun +14 more
TL;DR: The concept of the cerebellar syndrome is revisited in the light of recent advances in the understanding of Cerebellar operations and the key symptoms and signs of cerebellars dysfunction are discussed.
329
Schmahmann’s syndrome - identification of the third cornerstone of clinical ataxiology
Mario Manto,Peter Mariën +1 more
- 27 Feb 2015
TL;DR: Clinical ataxiology has found its third cornerstone, the two others being the cerebellar motor syndrome (CMS) mainly delineated by the pioneer French and English neurologists of the 19th and early 20th century, and the vestibulo-cerebellar syndrome (VCS) consisting of ocular instability, deficits of oculomotor movements and ocular misalignment.
The preclinical stage of spinocerebellar ataxias.
TL;DR: This review article comprehensively summarizes the studies conducted in preclinical carriers of a mutation in one of the SCA genes and concludes that the preclinical phase in SCA is already characterized by detectable central and peripheral nervous system changes.
118
Cerebellar fastigial nucleus: from anatomic construction to physiological functions
Xiao-Yang Zhang,Jian-Jun Wang,Jing-Ning Zhu +2 more
- 03 May 2016
TL;DR: It is suggested that by bridging the motor and nonmotor systems, the cerebellar FN may help to integrate somatic motor and nonsomatic functions and consequently contribute to generate a coordinated response to internal and external environments.
The Neuroanatomical Correlates of Training-Related Perceptuo-Reflex Uncoupling in Dancers
TL;DR: Dancers display Vestibular perceptuo-reflex dissociation with the neuronatomical correlate localized to the vestibular cerebellum, and it is speculated that a cerebellar gating of perceptual signals to cortical regions mediates the training-related attenuation ofvestibular perception and perceptual uncoupling.
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The cerebellar nodulus/uvula integrates otolith signals for the translational vestibulo-ocular reflex.
Mark F. Walker,Mark F. Walker,Jing Tian,Xiaoyan Shan,Rafael J. Tamargo,Howard S. Ying,David S. Zee +6 more
TL;DR: A key role is pointed to for the cerebellar nodulus and uvula in the mathematical integration of afferent linear head acceleration signals, likely to be critical not only for the tVOR but also for the otolith-mediated reflexes that control posture and balance.
Ataxia telangiectasia: a "disease model" to understand the cerebellar control of vestibular reflexes.
Aasef G. Shaikh,S. Marti,Alexander A. Tarnutzer,A. Palla,Thomas O. Crawford,Dominik Straumann,John P. Carey,K. Nguyen,David S. Zee +8 more
TL;DR: In 13 subjects with ataxia telangiectasia (A-T), a disease associated with profound cerebellar cortical degeneration, abnormalities of several key vestibular reflexes are found, offering insights into how the vestibulocerebellum functions in healthy humans.
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