Central cholinergic pathways in the rat: an overview based on an alternative nomenclature (Ch1-Ch6).

TL;DR: The Basal Ganglia comprise a group of forebrain nuclei that are interconnected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and brainstem that are involved in various functions, including motor control and learning, sensorimotor integration, reward and cognition.

TL;DR: Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were assayed in samples dissected from sagittal sections through rat superior colliculus, whose terminations may correlate in location with the distributions of the enzyme activities.

TL;DR: There is a population of non‐cholinergic pallidal neurons which are insensitive to AMPA but not to ibotenic acid, reflecting a possibly heterogeneous distribution of NMDA and non‐NMDA subtypes of glutamate receptors within the rat basal forebrain.

TL;DR: The data suggest that neurotensin (NT) may directly influence the activity of magnocellular cholinergic neurons in the human basal forebrain, and may be involved in the physiopathology of dementing disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, in which these neurons have been shown to be affected.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that reticular activation is associated with the activation of the reticular formation of the brain stem, and that reticulus activation can be induced by low frequency stimulation of the diffuse thalamic projection system, rather than intra-cortical spread following the arrival of afferent impulses at the sensory receiving areas of the cortex.

TL;DR: The possibility is considered that a background of maintained activity within this ascending brain stem activating system may account for wakefulness, while reduction of its activity either naturally, by barbiturates, or by experimental injury and disease, may respectively precipitate normal sleep, contribute to anesthesia or produce pathological somnolence.