Catalysis as an Enabling Science for Sustainable Polymers

TL;DR: Optimized polymerization of Limonene Oxide (LO) at room temperature using aluminium-based catalysts.

TL;DR: In this article, the selective depolymerisation/degradation of end-of-life poly(lactide) (EoL-PLA) plastics via methanolysis was explored in the presence of the industrially relevant catalyst tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate (Sn(Oct)2).

TL;DR: Chitin is the second most important natural polymer in the world as mentioned in this paper, and the main sources of chitin are two marine crustaceans, shrimp and crabs, which are used for food, cosmetics, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the properties of polymers and their applications in the literature, including the following: 1.1 Types of Polymers and Polymerization. 2.3 Linear, Branched, and Crosslinked Polymers.

Abstract: Dumping lots of plastics into our oceans Considerable progress has been made in determining the amount and location of plastic debris in our seas, but how much plastic actually enters them in the first place is more uncertain. Jambeck et al. combine available data on solid waste with a model that uses population density and economic status to estimate the amount of land-based plastic waste entering the ocean. Unless waste management practices are improved, the flux of plastics to the oceans could increase by an order of magnitude within the next decade. Science, this issue p. 768 Millions of tons of plastic waste end up in our oceans every year. Plastic debris in the marine environment is widely documented, but the quantity of plastic entering the ocean from waste generated on land is unknown. By linking worldwide data on solid waste, population density, and economic status, we estimated the mass of land-based plastic waste entering the ocean. We calculate that 275 million metric tons (MT) of plastic waste was generated in 192 coastal countries in 2010, with 4.8 to 12.7 million MT entering the ocean. Population size and the quality of waste management systems largely determine which countries contribute the greatest mass of uncaptured waste available to become plastic marine debris. Without waste management infrastructure improvements, the cumulative quantity of plastic waste available to enter the ocean from land is predicted to increase by an order of magnitude by 2025.

TL;DR: The integration of agroenergy crops and biorefinery manufacturing technologies offers the potential for the development of sustainable biopower and biomaterials that will lead to a new manufacturing paradigm.