Cadmium toxicity in plants
TL;DR: The role of the cell wall, the plasma membrane and the mycorrhizas as the main barriers against cadmium entrance to the cell, as well as some aspects related to phytochelatin-based sequestration and compartmentalization processes are reviewed in this paper.
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Abstract: Heavy metals are important environmental pollutants and their toxicity is a problem of increasing significance for ecological, evolutionary, nutritional, and environmental reasons. Plants posses homeostatic cellular mechanisms to regulate the concentration of metal ions inside the cell to minimize the potential damage that could result from the exposure to nonessential metal ions. This paper summarizes present knowledge in the field of higher plant responses to cadmium, an important environmental pollutant. Knowledge concerning metal toxicity, including mechanisms of cadmium homeostasis, uptake, transport and accumulation are evaluated. The role of the cell wall, the plasma membrane and the mycorrhizas, as the main barriers against cadmium entrance to the cell, as well as some aspects related to phytochelatin-based sequestration and compartmentalization processes are also reviewed. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress was also considered as one of the most studied topics of cadmium toxicity.
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Citations
Cadmium in Soil and Plants: A Review
Emmanuely Z. Nungula,Muhammad Ali Raza,Jamal Nasar,Sagar Maitra,Mahmoud F. Seleiman,Shivani Ranjan,Smruti Ranjan Padhan,Sumit Sow,Dinkar Jagannath Gaikwad,Harun I. Gitari +9 more
TL;DR: The accumulation of cadmium in soil and plants is a serious environmental issue due to its high toxicity effects on human health. The consumption of plants with cadmium deposition is a major concern.
2
Melatonin alleviates cadmium phytotoxicity through regulation of growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant potential in two pepper genotypes
Muhammad Saqib,Umbreen Shahzad,Zakia Abid,Faisal Zulfiqar,Rahul Kumar Tiwari,Milan Kumar Lal,Waleed Amjad Khan,Mohamed A. El-Sheikh,Muhammad Ahsan Altaf +8 more
TL;DR: Melatonin alleviates cadmium phytotoxicity in pepper seedlings by enhancing growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant potential, recovering growth parameters, increasing biomass production, and upregulating antioxidant enzymes activity, thereby reducing oxidative damage and stress caused by cadmium exposure.
2
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TL;DR: Information on rhizospheric microorganisms and their benefits in phytoremediation processes should continually be updated, especially in tropical environments where cost is a critical factor.
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Role of Heavy Metal ATPases in Transport of Cadmium and Zinc in Plants
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TL;DR: In this article , the role of heavy metal ATPases in Cadmium and zinc transportation and stress-related toxicity in plants is highlighted, which plays a significant role in the trafficking and sequestration of hazardous metals across the membrane in plants, thereby minimizing their toxic effect.
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