Bulgaria: the other Balkan ‘empire’

TL;DR: The history of Spain according to De rebus Hispaniae D. Rodrigo and D. Lucas is described in the Epilogue Bibliography Index as discussed by the authors, with references to the author and its author.

TL;DR: In this paper, the origins of dynastic rule are discussed from the beginning to the end of the eleventh century, from local dukes to Norman kings and the emergence of new families.

TL;DR: The Mountains and the City as discussed by the authors is a rare discussion in English of the history of a region of Europe, a genre common in other countries but undeveloped in Britain, dealing with two mountain valleys in Tuscany from the eight to the twelfth century, with some examination of their future progress into the sixteenth.

TL;DR: This paper argued that if the work is read as essentially a heroic epic, in which the pattern of events is the key to their significance and meaning, then the author is recounting a revealing story.

TL;DR: In the case of the Ottonian-Salian kings, the episcopate became an important political instrument, providing a buffer against the opposition of the feudal nobility.

TL;DR: Ausbildung der Kommune gilt dann als ausgebildet, wenn ihre Autonomie und Selbstregierung auch institutionell in Erscheinung treten; als Kriterium dafür wird im allgemeinen das Auftreten der Konsuln genommen, die um und nach 1100 in den meisten Städten Oberund Mittelitaliens nachzuweisen sind as mentioned in this paper.