Bringing the real world into the fMRI scanner: repetition effects for pictures versus real objects.
Jacqueline C. Snow,Charles E. Pettypiece,Teresa D. McAdam,Adam McLean,Patrick W. Stroman,Melvyn A. Goodale,Jody C. Culham +6 more
TL;DR: Slow event-related functional imaging in humans is used to examine whether neural populations show a characteristic repetition-related change in haemodynamic response for real-world 3-dimensional objects, an effect commonly observed using 2D images.
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Abstract: Our understanding of the neural underpinnings of perception is largely built upon studies employing 2-dimensional (2D) planar images. Here we used slow event-related functional imaging in humans to examine whether neural populations show a characteristic repetition-related change in haemodynamic response for real-world 3-dimensional (3D) objects, an effect commonly observed using 2D images. As expected, trials involving 2D pictures of objects produced robust repetition effects within classic object-selective cortical regions along the ventral and dorsal visual processing streams. Surprisingly, however, repetition effects were weak, if not absent on trials involving the 3D objects. These results suggest that the neural mechanisms involved in processing real objects may therefore be distinct from those that arise when we encounter a 2D representation of the same items. These preliminary results suggest the need for further research with ecologically valid stimuli in other imaging designs to broaden our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying human vision.
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Citations
Object-related activity revealed byfunctional magnetic resonance imaging inhumanoccipital cortex
Rafael Malach,J. B. Reppas,R. R. Benson,Kenneth K. Kwong,H. Jlang,W.A. Kennedy,Patrick J. Ledden,T. J. Brady,B. R. Rosen,Andr . B. H. Tootell +9 more
- 01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: Evidence for an intermediate link in the chain of processing stages leading to object recognition in human visual cortex is reported, which suggests that the enhanced responses to objects were not a manifestation of low-level visual processing.
‘What’ Is Happening in the Dorsal Visual Pathway
TL;DR: The evidence implicating dorsal object representations is reviewed, and an account of the anatomical organization, functional contributions, and origins of these representations in the service of perception is proposed.
269
Differences in Behavior and Brain Activity during Hypothetical and Real Choices
Colin F. Camerer,Dean Mobbs +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence of similarity and differences in hypothetical and real mental processes is reviewed, showing that in many cases, hypothetical choice tasks give an incomplete picture of brain circuitry that is active during real choice.
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Pavlovian Processes in Consumer Choice: The Physical Presence of a Good Increases Willingness-to-Pay
TL;DR: In this article, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to study whether the form in which items are displayed at the time of decision affects the dollar value that subjects place on them, using a Becker-DeGroot auction under three different conditions (i ) text displays, (ii ) image displays, and (iii ) displays of actual items).
Category selectivity in human visual cortex: Beyond visual object recognition.
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TL;DR: It is argued that the object recognition framework is unlikely to fully account for category selectivity in visual cortex, and the context of other functions such as navigation, social cognition, tool use, and reading is considered.
133
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Separate visual pathways for perception and action.
TL;DR: It is proposed that the ventral stream of projections from the striate cortex to the inferotemporal cortex plays the major role in the perceptual identification of objects, while the dorsal stream projecting from the stripping to the posterior parietal region mediates the required sensorimotor transformations for visually guided actions directed at such objects.
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Using confidence intervals in within-subject designs
TL;DR: It is argued that to best comprehend many data sets, plotting judiciously selected sample statistics with associated confidence intervals can usefully supplement, or even replace, standard hypothesis-testing procedures.
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Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus-specific effects
TL;DR: This work considers three models that have been proposed to account for repetition-related reductions in neural activity, and evaluates them in terms of their ability to accounts for the main properties of this phenomenon as measured with single-cell recordings and neuroimaging techniques.
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