Brain alterations in autoimmune and pharmacological models of diabetes mellitus: focus on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis disturbances

TL;DR: Fundamental past and ongoing research on diabetes-associated cognitive decline is summarized, highlighting potential contributors, mechanistic mediators, and new pharmacological approaches to prevent and/or delay this complication.

TL;DR: Clinically relevant cognitive impairment is highly prevalent among middle-aged adults with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes, and chronic hyperglycemia and prevalent microvascular disease were associated with cognitive impairment, relationships shown previously in younger populations with T1D.

TL;DR: The fact that oxytocin may have significant effects in the body, beyond its classical functions in lactation and parturition is highlighted, and therapeutic potentials of oxytocIn in treating immunologic disorders are explored.

TL;DR: Be Beauquis et al. as mentioned in this paper presented the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CICTE) and the National Institute of Biologia y Medicina Experimental (IME) of Argentina.

TL;DR: Among postmenopausal women aged 65 years or older, estrogen plus progestin did not improve cognitive function when compared with placebo, and timing of prior hormone therapy initiation with respect to the final menstrual period did not affect the results.

TL;DR: Management of type 1 diabetes is best undertaken in the context of a multidisciplinary health team and requires continuing attention to many aspects, including insulin administration, blood glucose monitoring, meal planning, and screening for comorbid conditions and diabetes-related complications.

TL;DR: Results recently obtained in NOD mice indicate that the goal of nontoxic long-lasting immune protection from the disease is feasible if treatment is started early enough and before putative etiological agents are identified, one must base immunotherapy on nonantigen-specific agents.

TL;DR: This perspective examines the origins of this dogma, its perseverance in the face of contradictory evidence, and its final collapse as a central assumption in the field of neuroscience.