Biosensors based on electrochemical lactate detection: A comprehensive review
TL;DR: A comparative study to summarize the L-lactate biosensors on the basis of different analytical properties in terms of fabrication, sensitivity, detection limit, linearity, response time and storage stability has been done.
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Abstract: Lactate detection plays a significant role in healthcare, food industries and is specially necessitated in conditions like hemorrhage, respiratory failure, hepatic disease, sepsis and tissue hypoxia. Conventional methods for lactate determination are not accurate and fast so this accelerated the need of sensitive biosensors for high-throughput screening of lactate in different samples. This review focuses on applications and developments of various electrochemical biosensors based on lactate detection as lactate being essential metabolite in anaerobic metabolic pathway. A comparative study to summarize the L-lactate biosensors on the basis of different analytical properties in terms of fabrication, sensitivity, detection limit, linearity, response time and storage stability has been done. It also addresses the merits and demerits of current enzyme based lactate biosensors. Lactate biosensors are of two main types - lactate oxidase (LOD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) based. Different supports tried for manufacturing lactate biosensors include membranes, polymeric matrices-conducting or non-conducting, transparent gel matrix, hydrogel supports, screen printed electrodes and nanoparticles. All the examples in these support categories have been aptly discussed. Finally this review encompasses the conclusion and future emerging prospects of lactate sensors.
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Citations
Capturing alterations of intracellular–extracellular lactate distribution in the brain using diffusion-weighted MR spectroscopy in vivo
Sophie Malaquin,Rodrigo Lerchundi,Eloïse Mougel,Julien Valette +3 more
TL;DR: By measuring the diffusion of lactate with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy in vivo and comparing it to the diffusion of purely intracellular metabolites, noninvasive quantification of extracellular and intracellular lactate fractions becomes possible.
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The Platinization of Graphite Composites Turns Widespread and Low-Cost Materials into Hydrogen Peroxide Sensors and High-Value Biosensor Transducers
TL;DR: In this paper , carbon-composition resistors (CCRs) and pencil leads (PLs) of different diameters (0.3, 0.5 and 2.0 mm), mainly made up of graphite, clay and some other components were used as carbonaceous support for the deposition of platinum.
Improved Stability of Continuous Operation of Lactate Oxidase-hydrogel Electrodes Using Os(bipyridine)2Cl-pendant Poly(vinyl Imidazole)
Abstract: Hydrogel-modified redox electrodes are fabricated using lactate oxidase and a poly(vinyl imidazole) polymer containing an Os(bipyridine) 2 Cl complex to facilitate the improved continuous measurement of lactate concentration. The stability of a MgO-templated carbon modified with a hydrogel was improved by quaternizing 10 mol% of the imidazole content of poly(vinyl imidazole) with bromoethylamine. Stability was further improved by cross-linking the polymer using ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, which increased the density of the hydrogel structure.
A parameter affecting the pre-hospital approach: capillary lactate measurement
Hilal KARTAL GÜNEN
TL;DR: Laktat ölçümü acil sağlık hizmetlerinde önemli bir parametredir ve hastaların acil yaklaşımı etkilemektedir. Portatif kompakt laktat analizörleri, hastane öncesi laktat değerini belirlemek için kullanılan basit ve hızlı bir yöntemdir.
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