Journal Article10.1146/ANNUREV-ENTO-010814-020614
Bionomics of Temperate and Tropical Culicoides Midges: Knowledge Gaps and Consequences for Transmission of Culicoides-Borne Viruses
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TL;DR: Focusing on potential vector species worldwide and key elements of vectorial capacity, a sensitivity of Culicoides life cycles to abiotic and biotic factors is reviewed and implications for designing control measures and understanding impacts of environmental change in different ecological contexts are considered.
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Abstract: Culicoides midges are abundant hematophagous flies that vector arboviruses of veterinary and medical importance. Dramatic changes in the epidemiology of Culicoides-borne arboviruses have occurred since 1998, including the emergence of exotic viruses in northern temperate regions, increases in global disease incidence, and enhanced virus diversity in tropical zones. Drivers may include changes in climate, land use, trade, and animal husbandry. New Culicoides species and new wild reservoir hosts have been implicated in transmission, highlighting the dynamic nature of pathogen-vector-host interactions. Focusing on potential vector species worldwide and key elements of vectorial capacity, we review the sensitivity of Culicoides life cycles to abiotic and biotic factors. We consider implications for designing control measures and understanding impacts of environmental change in different ecological contexts. Critical geographical, biological, and taxonomic knowledge gaps are prioritized. Recent developments in genomics and mathematical modeling may enhance ecological understanding of these complex arbovirus systems.
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Role of different Culicoides vectors (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in bluetongue virus transmission and overwintering in Sardinia (Italy)
TL;DR: In Sardinia, bluetongue virus is transmitted by multiple Culicoides vectors, including C. imicola and the Newsteadi complex being the most important, which can play an important role in internal areas and are likely to be directly involved in virus overwintering.
Quantifying and Modeling the Acquisition and Retention of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus by Hematophagus Insects Reveals Clinically but Not Subclinically Affected Cattle Are Promoters of Viral Transmission and Key Targets for Control of Disease Outbreaks
Beatriz Sanz-Bernardo,Ismar R. Haga,Najith Wijesiriwardana,Sanjay Basu,Will Larner,Adriana V. Diaz,Zoë Langlands,Eric Denison,Joanne Stoner,Mia White,Christopher Sanders,Philippa C. Hawes,Anthony J. Wilson,John P. Atkinson,Carrie Batten,Luke Alphey,Karin E. Darpel,Simon Gubbins,Philippa M. Beard +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a highly representative bovine experimental model of lumpy skin disease, and fed four model vector species (Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, Stomoxys calcitrans, and Culicoides nubeculosus) on LSDV-inoculated cattle in order to examine their acquisition and retention of LSDV.
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Host preferences of blood-feeding mosquitoes
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TL;DR: Those species that express strong and inherent host-selection behavior belong to the most important vectors of infectious diseases, which suggests that this behavioral trait may have evolved in parallel with parasite-host evolution.
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The pathology and pathogenesis of bluetongue.
TL;DR: Bluetongue (BT) is an insect-transmitted viral disease of wild and domestic ruminants and, occasionally, other species, and amongst domestic livestock, BT is most common in certain breeds of sheep whereas asymptomatic BT virus (BTV) infection of cattle is typical in enzootic regions.
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