Journal Article10.1007/S11627-009-9204-Z
Biodiesel production, properties, and feedstocks
TL;DR: This review covers the process by which biodiesel is prepared, the types of catalysts that may be used for the production of biodiesel, the influence of free fatty acids on biodiesel production, the use of different monohydric alcohols in the preparation of biod diesel, the effects of blending biodiesel with other fuels on fuel properties, alternative uses for biod Diesel, and value-added uses of glycerol.
read more
Abstract: Biodiesel, defined as the mono-alkyl esters of vegetable oils or animal fats, is an environmentally attractive alternative to conventional petroleum diesel fuel (petrodiesel). Produced by transesterification with a monohydric alcohol, usually methanol, biodiesel has many important technical advantages over petrodiesel, such as inherent lubricity, low toxicity, derivation from a renewable and domestic feedstock, superior flash point and biodegradability, negligible sulfur content, and lower exhaust emissions. Important disadvantages of biodiesel include high feedstock cost, inferior storage and oxidative stability, lower volumetric energy content, inferior low-temperature operability, and in some cases, higher NO
x
exhaust emissions. This review covers the process by which biodiesel is prepared, the types of catalysts that may be used for the production of biodiesel, the influence of free fatty acids on biodiesel production, the use of different monohydric alcohols in the preparation of biodiesel, the influence of biodiesel composition on fuel properties, the influence of blending biodiesel with other fuels on fuel properties, alternative uses for biodiesel, and value-added uses of glycerol, a co-product of biodiesel production. A particular emphasis is placed on alternative feedstocks for biodiesel production. Lastly, future challenges and outlook for biodiesel are discussed.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
Acid-catalyzed transesterification and esterification in methanol: a theoretical cluster-continuum investigation of the mechanisms and free energy barriers
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical analysis of the acid-catalyzed transesterification of ethyl acetate and esterification of acetic acid in methanol solution is presented.
26
Synthesis, characterization and fuel parameters analysis of linseed oil biodiesel using cadmium oxide nanoparticles
Muhammad Tariq,Ahmad Kaleem Qureshi,Shaista Karim,Muhammad Sirajuddin,Naseem Abbas,Muhammad Imran,Jaffir Hussain Shirazi +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of linseed oil biodiesel was investigated using FT-IR and proton & carbon-13 NMR, which indicated six types of fatty acid methyl esters ranging from C16-C22 (mixture of both saturated and unsaturated).
26
Prediction of Cetane Number and Ignition Delay of Biodiesel Using Artificial Neural Networks
Yisel Sánchez-Borroto,Ramón Piloto-Rodríguez,Michel Errasti,Roger Sierens,Sebastian Verhelst +4 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a neural network corresponding to a topology (5:2:1) with a back propagation algorithm was used for predicting the ignition delay of biodiesel, and the results showed that the neural network was useful for predicting cetane number and ignition delay using artificial neural networks.
26
Comparative performance and emission characteristics of peanut seed oil methyl ester (PSME) on a thermal isolated diesel engine
TL;DR: In this article, the upper surface of the piston was coated with a 300μm thick CoNiCrAlYttra+NiCrBSi layer by using plasma spraying method, and the results showed that brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and exhaust gas temperature (EGT) were considerably enhanced while brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), CO, HC and smoke emission were decreased compared to those of standard engine.
26
Comparative Effects of Biomass Pre-Treatments for Direct and Indirect Transesterification to Enhance Microalgal Lipid Recovery
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of various successful pre-treatments and solvent mixtures were directly compared to each other and combined with direct and indirect transesterification methods using the oleaginous microalga Tetraselmis sp. M8.
References
•Book
Internal combustion engine fundamentals
John B. Heywood
- 01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe real engine flow and combustion processes, as well as engine operating characteristics and their operation, including engine design and operating parameters, engine characteristics, and operating characteristics.
17.3K
Biodiesel from microalgae.
TL;DR: As demonstrated here, microalgae appear to be the only source of renewable biodiesel that is capable of meeting the global demand for transport fuels.
9.9K
Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification—a review
TL;DR: In this paper, various methods of preparation of biodiesel with different combination of oil and catalysts have been described and technical tools and processes for monitoring the transesterification reactions like TLC, GC, HPLC, GPC, 1H NMR and NIR have also been summarized.
3.5K
Mechanism and modeling of nitrogen chemistry in combustion
James A. Miller,Craig T. Bowman +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the mechanisms and rate parameters for the gas-phase reactions of nitrogen compounds that are applicable to combustion-generated air pollution are discussed and illustrated by comparison of results from detailed kinetics calculations with experimental data.
3.1K
Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure of fatty acid alkyl esters
TL;DR: In this paper, structural features that influence the physical and fuel properties of a fatty ester molecule are chain length, degree of unsaturation, and branching of the chain, as well as the structural features of the fatty acid and the alcohol moieties.
2.4K