Journal Article10.1007/S11627-009-9204-Z
Biodiesel production, properties, and feedstocks
TL;DR: This review covers the process by which biodiesel is prepared, the types of catalysts that may be used for the production of biodiesel, the influence of free fatty acids on biodiesel production, the use of different monohydric alcohols in the preparation of biod diesel, the effects of blending biodiesel with other fuels on fuel properties, alternative uses for biod Diesel, and value-added uses of glycerol.
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Abstract: Biodiesel, defined as the mono-alkyl esters of vegetable oils or animal fats, is an environmentally attractive alternative to conventional petroleum diesel fuel (petrodiesel). Produced by transesterification with a monohydric alcohol, usually methanol, biodiesel has many important technical advantages over petrodiesel, such as inherent lubricity, low toxicity, derivation from a renewable and domestic feedstock, superior flash point and biodegradability, negligible sulfur content, and lower exhaust emissions. Important disadvantages of biodiesel include high feedstock cost, inferior storage and oxidative stability, lower volumetric energy content, inferior low-temperature operability, and in some cases, higher NO
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exhaust emissions. This review covers the process by which biodiesel is prepared, the types of catalysts that may be used for the production of biodiesel, the influence of free fatty acids on biodiesel production, the use of different monohydric alcohols in the preparation of biodiesel, the influence of biodiesel composition on fuel properties, the influence of blending biodiesel with other fuels on fuel properties, alternative uses for biodiesel, and value-added uses of glycerol, a co-product of biodiesel production. A particular emphasis is placed on alternative feedstocks for biodiesel production. Lastly, future challenges and outlook for biodiesel are discussed.
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Citations
Meat processing waste as a potential feedstock for biochemicals and biofuels - A review of possible conversion technologies
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed the use of waste streams from meat processing plants as a suitable biorefinery feedstock, supported by the recognized product specific characteristic of the waste stream implying an unavoidable accumulation, which may also be considered as indicative of sustainable supply.
Status and prospects of supercritical alcohol transesterification for biodiesel production
TL;DR: Supercritical transesterification is a relatively new technique promising to provide advantages, such as faster reaction times, catalyst-free operation, and higher purity of final product, over the conventional transterification method as discussed by the authors.
Investigation on jojoba biodiesel and producer gas in dual-fuel mode
TL;DR: In this paper, the emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with jojoba oil methyl ester and its blends (10, 20, and 30%) utilizing the groundnut shell producer gas were analyzed.
Mesoporous nanocrystalline sulfated zirconia synthesis and its application for FFA esterification in oils
TL;DR: In this article, mesoporous nanocrystalline sulfated zirconia catalyst has been used for free fatty acid esterification in soybean oil as model reaction.
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