Open Access
Basic nutritional investigation Long-term intake of resistant starch improves colonic mucosal integrity and reduces gut apoptosis and blood immune cells
Miquel Nofrarías,Daniel Martínez-Puig,Joan Pujols,Natàlia Majó,José Francisco Pérez +4 more
- 01 Jan 2007
102
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential effect of a long-term intake of resistant starch on colonic fermentation and on gut morphologic and immunologic indices of interest in bowel conditions in humans was studied in pigs.
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Abstract: Objective: The potential effect of a long-term intake of resistant starch on colonic fermentation and on gut morphologic and immunologic indices of interest in bowel conditions in humans was studied in pigs. Methods: Sixteen growing pigs were meal fed for 14 wk on a diet containing a large amount of raw potato starch (RPS; resistant starch) or corn starch (CS; digestible starch). Effects were assessed in the colon from the physicochemical properties of digesta and in the intestinal morphology, including lymphocytic infiltration, apoptosis, and proliferation activities. Hematologic and blood leukocyte cell subsets analysis were performed. Results: After 97 d, the digestive content from RPS pigs was heavier than for CS pigs, producing a hypertrophy of tunica muscularis (P 0.05). The proportion of butyrate was two-fold higher in proximal colon digesta in RPS pigs (P 0.05). RPS-fed pigs had reduced apoptosis in the crypts, lamina propria and lymphoid nodules in the colon, and ileal Peyer's patches (P 0.05). Fermen- tation of RPS reduced indices associated with damage to epithelial cells, such as crypt cell proliferation and magnesium excretion, whereas mucin sulfuration was increased, which promotes epithelial protection. The numbers of intraepithelial T cells and of blood leukocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes, mainly T-helper lymphocytes, were reduced in RPS pigs (P 0.05). Conclusion: Long-term intake of RPS induces pronounced changes in the colonic environment, reduces damage to colonocytes, and improves mucosal integrity, reducing colonic and systemic immune reactivity, for which health benefits in inflammatory conditions are likely to be associated. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Citations
From the gut to the peripheral tissues: the multiple effects of butyrate.
Paul Guilloteau,L. Martin,Venessa Eeckhaut,Richard Ducatelle,Romuald Zabielski,F. Van Immerseel +5 more
TL;DR: The present paper aims to give an update on the biological role of butyrate in mammals, when it is naturally produced by the gastrointestinal microbiota or orally ingested as a feed additive.
Obesity, inflammation, and the gut microbiota
TL;DR: Evidence is provided supporting perturbation of the intestinal microbiota and changes in intestinal permeability as potential triggers of inflammation in obesity and characterisation of the mechanisms underpinning the triggers could offer unique opportunities for intervention strategies to help ameliorate the risk of obesity-associated disease.
619
Health effects of resistant starch
S. Lockyer,Anne P. Nugent +1 more
TL;DR: The reduced glycaemic response consistently reported with RS consumption, when compared with digestible carbohydrate, has resulted in an approved European Union health claim, and RS-rich foods may be particularly useful for managing diabetes.
276
A randomized trial to determine the impact of a digestion resistant starch composition on the gut microbiome in older and mid-age adults
Michelle J. Alfa,David Strang,Paramjit S. Tappia,Morag R. Graham,Morag R. Graham,Gary Van Domselaar,Gary Van Domselaar,Jessica D. Forbes,Jessica D. Forbes,Vanessa Laminman,Nancy Olson,Pat DeGagne,David Bray,Brenda-Lee Murray,Brenden Dufault,Lisa M. Lix +15 more
TL;DR: The study data demonstrated that MSPrebiotic® meets the criteria of a prebiotic and can stimulate an increased abundance of endogenous Bifidobacteria in both ELD and MID without additional probiotic supplementation.
141
Factors affecting starch utilization in large animal food production system: A review
Gianluca Giuberti,Antonio Gallo,Francesco Masoero,Luiz F. Ferraretto,P.C. Hoffman,Randy D. Shaver +5 more
TL;DR: An overview on inherent starch primary structures and interactions with other compounds within feed grains is given to discuss factors affecting starch digestion potential in feed grains and linkages with animal performances, both for swine and ruminants are discussed.
124
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