Journal Article10.1002/AJH.10062
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
TL;DR: This review discusses the demographics, etiology, clinical presentation, laboratory evaluation, and treatment options of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, which includes warm AIHA, cold agglutinin syndrome, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, mixed‐type AIH, and drug‐induced AIHA.
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Abstract: Red blood cell (RBC) autoantibodies are a relatively uncommon cause of anemia. However, autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) must be considered in the differential diagnosis of hemolytic anemias, especially if the patient has a concomitant lymphoproliferative disorder, autoimmune disease, or viral or mycoplasmal infection. Classifications of AIHA include warm AIHA, cold agglutinin syndrome, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, mixed-type AIHA, and drug-induced AIHA. Characteristics of the autoantibodies are responsible for the various clinical entities. As a result, diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation and a serologic work-up. For each classification of AIHA, this review discusses the demographics, etiology, clinical presentation, laboratory evaluation, and treatment options.
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Autoimmune haemolysis: an 18-year study of 865 cases referred to a regional transfusion centre.
TL;DR: A proposed new classification for AIH based on serological findings differs from traditional classifications in that a new category of "mixed" AIH has been defined in which both "warm" and "cold" autoantibodies are present, and both are capable of causing haemolysis.
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