Asymmetries in visual search: an introduction.
TL;DR: Four of the eight papers in this symposium inPerception & Psychophysics deal with the use of search asymmetries to identify stimulus attributes that behave as basic features in this context, and another two deals with the long-standing question of whether a novelty can be considered to be a basic feature.
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Abstract: In visual search tasks, observers look for a target stimulus among distractor stimuli. A visual search asymmetry is said to occur when a search for stimulus A among stimulus B produces different results from a search for B among A. Anne Treisman made search asymmetries into an important tool in the study of visual attention. She argued that it was easier to find a target that was defined by the presence of a preattentive basic feature than to find a target defined by the absence of that feature. Four of the eight papers in this symposium inPerception & Psychophysics deal with the use of search asymmetries to identify stimulus attributes that behave as basic features in this context. Another two papers deal with the long-standing question of whether a novelty can be considered to be a basic feature. Asymmetries can also arise when one type of stimulus is easier to identify or classify than another. Levin and Angelone’s paper on visual search for faces of different races is an examination of an asymmetry of this variety. Finally, Previc and Naegele investigate an asymmetry based on the spatial location of the target. Taken as a whole, these papers illustrate the continuing value of the search asymmetry paradigm.
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References
A feature-integration theory of attention
Anne Treisman,Garry A. Gelade +1 more
TL;DR: A new hypothesis about the role of focused attention is proposed, which offers a new set of criteria for distinguishing separable from integral features and a new rationale for predicting which tasks will show attention limits and which will not.
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Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory.
TL;DR: Tested the 2-process theory of detection, search, and attention presented by the current authors (1977) in a series of experiments and demonstrated the qualitative difference between 2 modes of information processing: automatic detection and controlled search.
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Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention
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•Journal Article
Controlled and Automatic Human Information Processing: 1. Detection, Search, and Attention.
TL;DR: A series of studies using both reaction time and accuracy measures is presented, which traces these concepts in the form of automatic detection and controlled, search through the areas of detection, search, and attention and resolves a number of apparent conflicts in the literature.
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Guided Search 2.0 A revised model of visual search
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TL;DR: This paper reviews the visual search literature and presents a model of human search behavior, a revision of the guided search 2.0 model in which virtually all aspects of the model have been made more explicit and/or revised in light of new data.