Journal Article10.1002/ADMA.201704407
Artificial Muscles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges.
Seyed M. Mirvakili,Ian W. Hunter +1 more
874
TL;DR: The structure, actuation mechanism, applications, and limitations of recently developed artificial muscles, including highly oriented semicrystalline polymer fibers; nanocomposite actuators; twisted nanofiber yarns; thermally activated shape-memory alloys; ionic-polymer/metal composites; dielectric-elastomer actuator; and pneumatic actuators are discussed.
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Abstract: The area of artificial muscle is a highly interdisciplinary field of research that has evolved rapidly in the last 30 years. Recent advances in nanomaterial fabrication and characterization, specifically carbon nanotubes and nanowires, have had major contributions in the development of artificial muscles. However, what can artificial muscles really do for humans? This question is considered here by first examining nature's solutions to this design problem and then discussing the structure, actuation mechanism, applications, and limitations of recently developed artificial muscles, including highly oriented semicrystalline polymer fibers; nanocomposite actuators; twisted nanofiber yarns; thermally activated shape-memory alloys; ionic-polymer/metal composites; dielectric-elastomer actuators; conducting polymers; stimuli-responsive gels; piezoelectric, electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, and photostrictive actuators; photoexcited actuators; electrostatic actuators; and pneumatic actuators.
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Citations
Antagonist Concepts of Polypyrrole Actuators: Bending Hybrid Actuator and Mirrored Trilayer Linear Actuator.
TL;DR: In this article, different adaptations for "artificial muscles" are introduced, following the natural muscle antagonist actuation principle, and a consecutive one-pot electrosynthesis of two layers with the different deposition regimes resulted in an all-PPy bending hybrid actuator.
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Visible-light-induced scission and rapid healing of polyurethane elastomers based on photoswitchable hexaarylbiimidazole units
TL;DR: In this article, a linear polyurethane elastomer (HABI-PU) containing visible-light switchable hexaarylbiimidazole units in the polymer backbone with photo-induced scission and rapid healing capacities was presented.
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Fluid‐Driven High‐Performance Bionic Artificial Muscle with Adjustable Muscle Architecture
Disheng Xie,Yujie Su,Xiaolu Lucia Li,Jingxun Chen,X. Shi,Dezhi Liang,Joanne Yip,Jianbin Liu,Zheng Li,Raymond K. Tong +9 more
TL;DR: ExoMuscle as discussed by the authors mimicking the sarcomere in skeletal muscle with a bioinspired structure to contract myofilaments enabling the artificial muscle to mimic the architecture of muscle such as parallel, fusiform, convergent, and pennation and beyond the performance of skeletal muscle.
7
Improved Model for Conical Dielectric Elastomer Actuators With Fewer Electrical Connections
Hector Medina,Carson Farmer +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an energy method is used to derive an improved mathematical model for a double-cone dielectric elastomer actuator (DCDEA) capable of predicting horizontal and rotational displacements.
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Preparation and characterization of thermal/NIR/magnetically actuated hydrogel based on asymmetric structure
TL;DR: In this article , a thermal/NIR/magnetically actuated hydrogel based on asymmetric structure was constructed, where iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) were loaded onto graphene oxide (GO) to firstly prepare magnetic GO (mGO) with high photothermal conversion ability and magnetic property.
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