Journal Article10.1002/ADMA.201704407
Artificial Muscles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges.
Seyed M. Mirvakili,Ian W. Hunter +1 more
874
TL;DR: The structure, actuation mechanism, applications, and limitations of recently developed artificial muscles, including highly oriented semicrystalline polymer fibers; nanocomposite actuators; twisted nanofiber yarns; thermally activated shape-memory alloys; ionic-polymer/metal composites; dielectric-elastomer actuator; and pneumatic actuators are discussed.
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Abstract: The area of artificial muscle is a highly interdisciplinary field of research that has evolved rapidly in the last 30 years. Recent advances in nanomaterial fabrication and characterization, specifically carbon nanotubes and nanowires, have had major contributions in the development of artificial muscles. However, what can artificial muscles really do for humans? This question is considered here by first examining nature's solutions to this design problem and then discussing the structure, actuation mechanism, applications, and limitations of recently developed artificial muscles, including highly oriented semicrystalline polymer fibers; nanocomposite actuators; twisted nanofiber yarns; thermally activated shape-memory alloys; ionic-polymer/metal composites; dielectric-elastomer actuators; conducting polymers; stimuli-responsive gels; piezoelectric, electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, and photostrictive actuators; photoexcited actuators; electrostatic actuators; and pneumatic actuators.
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Citations
Compliant, Large-Strain, and Self-Sensing Twisted String Actuators.
TL;DR: This study proposes the design, modeling, and robotic application of TSAs that are compliant, can produce large strain, and are capable of self-sensing during twisting-induced actuation, and is successfully demonstrated in a low-cost three-dimensionally printed compliant robotic gripper.
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A thermally-electrically double-responsive polycaprolactone – thermoplastic polyurethane/multi-walled carbon nanotube fiber assisted with highly effective shape memory and strain sensing performance
Meijie Qu,Hai Wang,Qiushan Chen,Lu Wu,Ping Tang,Mingshuai Fan,Yanqiu Guo,Hongyu Fan,Yuezhen Bin +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a kind of thermally-electrically responsive shape memory fibers made of polycaprolactone (PCL) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with electric heating and strain sensing properties was prepared by wet-spinning and dip-coating of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on the fiber surface.
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Dual-mode biomimetic soft actuator with electrothermal and magneto-responsive performance
Wenwen Li,Min Li Sang,Shuai Liu,Bochao Wang,Xufeng Cao,Guanghui Liu,Xinglong Gong,Lingyun Hao,Shouhu Xuan +8 more
TL;DR: In this article , a structural soft actuator (MPDMS/MXene/PTFE) which possesses electrothermal/magnetic coupling actuation is fabricated by combining magnetic NdFeB/Polydimethylsiloxane composite layer, MXene film, and PTFE tape together.
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Near-infrared light-driven locomotion of a liquid crystal polymer trilayer actuator
TL;DR: In this article, a liquid crystal polymer network (LCN)-based actuator is demonstrated for near-infrared (NIR) light-guided locomotion, which is a structured trilayer, comprising a thin reduced graphene oxide (RGO) top layer, an inactive polymer middle layer and an active LCN bottom layer.
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