Journal Article10.1002/ADMA.201704407
Artificial Muscles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges.
Seyed M. Mirvakili,Ian W. Hunter +1 more
874
TL;DR: The structure, actuation mechanism, applications, and limitations of recently developed artificial muscles, including highly oriented semicrystalline polymer fibers; nanocomposite actuators; twisted nanofiber yarns; thermally activated shape-memory alloys; ionic-polymer/metal composites; dielectric-elastomer actuator; and pneumatic actuators are discussed.
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Abstract: The area of artificial muscle is a highly interdisciplinary field of research that has evolved rapidly in the last 30 years. Recent advances in nanomaterial fabrication and characterization, specifically carbon nanotubes and nanowires, have had major contributions in the development of artificial muscles. However, what can artificial muscles really do for humans? This question is considered here by first examining nature's solutions to this design problem and then discussing the structure, actuation mechanism, applications, and limitations of recently developed artificial muscles, including highly oriented semicrystalline polymer fibers; nanocomposite actuators; twisted nanofiber yarns; thermally activated shape-memory alloys; ionic-polymer/metal composites; dielectric-elastomer actuators; conducting polymers; stimuli-responsive gels; piezoelectric, electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, and photostrictive actuators; photoexcited actuators; electrostatic actuators; and pneumatic actuators.
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Citations
Smart Textile-Integrated Microelectronic Systems for Wearable Applications
Jidong Shi,Su Liu,Lisha Zhang,Bao Yang,Lin Shu,Ying Yang,Ming Ren,Yang Wang,Jiewei Chen,Wei Chen,Yang Chai,Xiaoming Tao +11 more
TL;DR: The programmable nature of smart textiles makes them an indispensable part of an emerging new technology field and a timely overview and comprehensive review of progress of this field in the last five years are provided.
604
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based Smart Hydrogels: Design, Properties and Applications
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an up-to-date account on the recent developments in advanced functional PNIPAM-based smart hydrogels and their emerging technological applications in the fields of smart actuators, photonic crystals, smart windows and novel biomedical applications.
582
Soft actuators for real-world applications
Meng Li,Aniket Pal,Amirreza Aghakhani,Abdon Pena-Francesch,Abdon Pena-Francesch,Metin Sitti,Metin Sitti,Metin Sitti +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss new materials and structural designs for the engineering of soft actuators with physical intelligence and advanced properties, such as adaptability, multimodal locomotion, self-healing and multi-responsiveness.
470
Electrically controlled liquid crystal elastomer–based soft tubular actuator with multimodal actuation
TL;DR: This work designs and constructs soft tubular actuators using an emerging artificial muscle material that can be easily patterned with programmable strain: liquid crystal elastomer and builds a multifunctional soft gripper and an untethered soft robot.
399
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