Antagonistic Interaction between Systemic Acquired Resistance and the Abscisic Acid–Mediated Abiotic Stress Response in Arabidopsis
Michiko Yasuda,Atsushi Ishikawa,Yusuke Jikumaru,Motoaki Seki,Taishi Umezawa,Tadao Asami,Akiko Maruyama-Nakashita,Toshiaki Kudo,Kazuo Shinozaki,Shigeo Yoshida,Hideo Nakashita +10 more
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TL;DR: Treatment with abscisic acid (ABA) suppresses the induction of SAR in Arabidopsis by inhibiting the pathway both upstream and downstream of SA, independently of the jasmonic acid/ethylene-mediated signaling pathway.
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Abstract: Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a potent innate immunity system in plants that is effective against a broad range of pathogens. SAR development in dicotyledonous plants, such as tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and Arabidopsis thaliana, is mediated by salicylic acid (SA). Here, using two types of SAR-inducing chemicals, 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one1,1-dioxide and benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester, which act upstream and downstream of SA in the SAR signaling pathway, respectively, we show that treatment with abscisic acid (ABA) suppresses the induction of SAR in Arabidopsis. In an analysis using several mutants in combination with these chemicals, treatment with ABA suppressed SAR induction by inhibiting the pathway both upstream and downstream of SA, independently of the jasmonic acid/ethylene-mediated signaling pathway. Suppression of SAR induction by the NaCl-activated environmental stress response proved to be ABA dependent. Conversely, the activation of SAR suppressed the expression of ABA biosynthesis-related and ABA-responsive genes, in which the NPR1 protein or signaling downstream of NPR1 appears to contribute. Therefore, our data have revealed that antagonistic crosstalk occurs at multiple steps between the SA-mediated signaling of SAR induction and the ABA-mediated signaling of environmental stress responses.
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Citations
Hormonal Modulation of Plant Immunity
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Systemic acquired resistance
W.E. Durrant,Xinnian Dong +1 more
TL;DR: A model describing the sequence of events leading from initial infection to the induction of defense genes is presented and exciting new data suggest that the mobile signal for SAR might be a lipid molecule.
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Isochorismate synthase is required to synthesize salicylic acid for plant defence
TL;DR: By cloning and characterizing an Arabidopsis defence-related gene (SID2) defined by mutation, it is shown that SA is synthesized from chorismate by means of ICS, and that SA made by this pathway is required for LAR and SAR responses.
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Systemic Acquired Resistance
TL;DR: Current knowledge of molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanisms that are associated with systemic acquired resistance (SAR) are reviewed.
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