Open Access
An Experimental and Numerical Study of the Final Zero-Flow Thermal Transpiration Stage
Marcos Rojas Cardenas,Irina Graur,Pierre Perrier +2 more
- 01 Jan 2012
- Vol. 7, Iss: 3, pp 437-452
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TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal transpiration has been studied both through an experimental approach, which exploits an original measuring system, and through a numerical approach, modeled on the basis of the Shakhov model kinetic equation.
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Abstract: By just applying a temperature difference to a micro-system filled with rarefied gas, it is possible to engender a displacement or a compression of the gas in the temperature gradient direction. This is the Thermal Transpiration phenomenon. In the present work, thermal transpiration has been studied both through an experimental approach, which exploits an original measuring system, and through a numerical approach, which is modeled on the basis of the Shakhov model kinetic equation. In both studies, a circular cross section glass micro-tube is submitted to a temperature gradient. The obtained results for Helium, such as the thermal molecular pressure difference, the thermal molecular pressure ratio and the thermal molecular pressure exponent at the final zero-flow stage, are analyzed in the case of a tube submitted to a temperature difference of 51 K. Finally, the obtained thermal molecular pressure ratio results are also compared to the semi-empirical formulas of Liang (1951) and Takaishi and Sensui (1963). These semi-empirical formulas are still in use nowadays to introduce correction factors for pressure measurements done when the pressure gauge functions at different temperatures in respect to the temperature of the operating gas. For the here working pressure conditions and the used tube dimensions the gas rarefaction conditions go from near free molecular to slip regime.
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Citations
Knudsen pumps: a review
TL;DR: KPs are defined and classified according to the flow mechanisms of the thermally induced flows, and three aspects of configurations, performance, applications, and current problems of KPs in the current state of research are reviewed and analyzed.
Time-dependent experimental analysis of a thermal transpiration rarefied gas flow
TL;DR: In this paper, the stationary mass flow rate of gas created by thermal transpiration in a micro-tube heated at its outlet was measured by measuring the macroscopic movement of the gas along the tube.
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Thermal transpiration flow through a single rectangular channel
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermal transpiration flow through a single rectangular micro-channel was studied experimentally for various gas species, including all rare gases, in order to investigate the influence of gas species on the flow properties.
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Mass flow rate and permeability measurements in microporous media
Martin Victor Johansson,Fabrice Testa,Imen Zaier,Pierre Perrier,Jean Philippe Bonnet,Philippe Moulin,Irina Graur +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a transient method of the mass flow rate measurements through a microporous media is developed and analyzed based on the constant volume technique and the exponential fit of the pressure evolution in each tank which allows calculating the permeability directly.
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A new method to measure the thermal slip coefficient
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the thermal slip coefficient from a temperature gradient induced mass flow rate (thermal transpiration) induced by a known inequality of temperature along a solid surface at contact with the fluid.
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References
•Dissertation
Temperature gradient induced rarefied gas flow
Rojas cardenas,Marcos javier +1 more
- 13 Sep 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a methodologie experimentale innovatrice basee sur la dependance du phenomene, analyse dans son ensemble, a l'egard du temps, and compare aux resultats obtenus numeriquement par la resolution de l'equation cinetique modele de Shakhov and par la methode de simulation directe de Monte-Carlo.
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Experiment on a One-Way Flow of a Rarefied Gas Through a Straight Circular Pipe Without Average Temperature and Pressure Gradients
Y. Sone,T. Fukuda,T. Hokazono,H. Sugimoto +3 more
- 09 Jul 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, it was demonstrated experimentally that a one-way flow of a slightly rarefied gas is induced in a circular straight pipe of a uniform diameter with its two ends being kept at an equal temperature and pressure by heating the middle part along the pipe and by putting up a shelf or shelves inside of a half part of the pipe on one side of the heater.
Pressure drop for a rarefied-gas flow through a tube with a thermal gradient at low temperature
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented calculations and experimental results obtained for a model pumping duct with a thermal gradient from room temperature to 80 or 15 K; the margin between numerical and experimental data is less than 10% at any flow regime.
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Numerical Investigation into the Flow Characteristics of Gas Mixtures in Knudsen Pump with Variable Soft Sphere Model.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that pressure is crucial to affecting the variation of gas flow pattern, but the gas concentration in H2–N2 mixtures and the collision model do not change the flow pattern significantly.