An E. coli cell-free transcription- translation system: modeling gene expression and characterizing CRISPR elements and gene circuits

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of advances in microbial engineering for the production of other potential fuel molecules, using a variety of biosynthetic pathways, is presented, highlighting additional options.

TL;DR: Two new approaches to obtaining active proteins are described: the use of molecular chaperones, and modification of the reaction conditions of the PURE system.

TL;DR: A complete gene expression reaction is reconstituted in a cell-free system comprising the entire endogenous transcription, translation, as well as mRNA and protein degradation machinery of E. coli, resulting in a coarse-grained enzymatic description of biosynthesis and degradation.

TL;DR: This approach could be used to engineer bacteria to sense the microenvironment of a tumor and respond by invading cancerous cells and releasing a cytotoxic agent.

TL;DR: The preparation and execution of an efficient endogenous E. coli based transcription-translation (TX-TL) cell-free expression system that can produce equivalent amounts of protein as T7-based systems at a 98% cost reduction to similar commercial systems is described.