An Aggressive Graph-Based Selective Sampling Algorithm for Classification

TL;DR: A spectral-based graph regularization technique is adapted to derive a novel online learning linear algorithm which can handle graph data, although it still queries the labels of all nodes and thus is not preferred, as labelling is typically time-consuming.

Abstract: Traditional online learning algorithms are designed for vector data only, which assume that the labels of all the training examples are provided. In this paper, we study graph classification where only limited nodes are chosen for labelling by selective sampling. Particularly, we first adapt a spectral-based graph regularization technique to derive a novel online learning linear algorithm which can handle graph data, although it still queries the labels of all nodes and thus is not preferred, as labelling is typically time-consuming. To address this issue, we then propose a new confidence-based query method for selective sampling. The theoretical result shows that our online learning algorithm with a fraction of queried labels can achieve a mistake bound comparable with the one learning on all labels of the nodes. In addition, the algorithm based on our proposed query strategy can achieve a mistake bound better than the one based on other query methods. However, our algorithm is conservative to update the model whenever error happens, which obviously wastes training labels that are valuable for the model. To take advantage of these labels, we further propose a novel aggressive algorithm, which can update the model aggressively even if no error occurs. The theoretical analysis shows that our aggressive approach can achieve a mistake bound better than its conservative and fully-supervised counterpart, with substantially fewer queried times. We empirically evaluate our algorithm on several real-world graph datasets and the experimental results demonstrate that our method is highly effective.