Amyloid beta-protein fibrillogenesis. Structure and biological activity of protofibrillar intermediates.

TL;DR: A paradigm shift is emerging that necessitates the reevaluation of the relative importance of polymeric (fibrillar) vs. oligomeric assemblies in the pathobiology of AD.

TL;DR: The discussion that follows seeks to introduce the reader to the complex world of Aβ assembly and biological activity, a goal it hope will provide a conceptual framework upon which further knowledge or experimentation may be built.

TL;DR: This theme of protein aggregation as it relates to the two most common neurodegenerative conditions—Alzheimer's and Parkinson’s diseases is discussed.

TL;DR: It is shown that naturally occurring fragments of the abundant semen marker prostatic acidic phosphatase form amyloid fibrils, termed Semen-derived Enhancer of Virus Infection (SEVI), capture HIV virions and promote their attachment to target cells, thereby enhancing the infectious virus titer by several orders of magnitude.

TL;DR: A locus segregating with familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been mapped to chromosome 21, close to the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene as discussed by the authors, which suggests that some cases of AD could be caused by mutations in the APP gene.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that in this kindred, which shows linkage to chromosome 21 markers, there is a point mutation in the APP gene that causes an amino-acid substitution close to the carboxy terminus of the β-amyloid peptide.

TL;DR: A minimal cosegregating region containing the AD3 gene is defined, and at least 19 different transcripts encoded within this region corresponds to a novel gene whose product is predicted to contain multiple transmembrane domains and resembles an integral membrane protein.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that impaired synaptic plasticity and associated memory dysfunction during early stage Alzheimer's disease and severe cellular degeneration and dementia during end stage could be caused by the biphasic impact of Abeta-derived diffusible ligands acting upon particular neural signal transduction pathways.