Journal Article10.1038/S41582-019-0244-7
Ageing as a risk factor for neurodegenerative disease.
Yujun Hou,Xiuli Dan,Mansi Babbar,Yong Wei,Steen G. Hasselbalch,Deborah L. Croteau,Vilhelm A. Bohr,Vilhelm A. Bohr +7 more
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TL;DR: Hallmarks of ageing — genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion and altered intercellular communication — correlate with susceptibility to neurodegenerative disease.
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Abstract: Ageing is the primary risk factor for most neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD). One in ten individuals aged ≥65 years has AD and its prevalence continues to increase with increasing age. Few or no effective treatments are available for ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases, which tend to progress in an irreversible manner and are associated with large socioeconomic and personal costs. This Review discusses the pathogenesis of AD, PD and other neurodegenerative diseases, and describes their associations with the nine biological hallmarks of ageing: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, deregulated nutrient sensing, stem cell exhaustion and altered intercellular communication. The central biological mechanisms of ageing and their potential as targets of novel therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are also discussed, with potential therapies including NAD+ precursors, mitophagy inducers and inhibitors of cellular senescence.
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Citations
Insomnia Impairs Both the Pro-BDNF and the BDNF Levels Similarly to Older Adults with Cognitive Decline: An Exploratory Study
Sergio Sánchez-García,Karla Moreno-Tamayo,Ricardo Ramírez-Aldana,Carmen García-Peña,R H Medina-Campos,Nadia Alejandra Rivero-Segura +5 more
TL;DR: It is observed that insomnia, rather than cognitive decline, is significantly associated with BDNF concentration, and these effects are independent of other variables, which suggests that opportune treatment of insomnia may be more beneficial to prevent cognitive decline during aging.
Glutamatergic Neurotransmission in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Potential Target to Improve Cognitive Impairment in Aging
Selma Karime Castillo-Vazquez,Lourdes Massieu,NULL AUTHOR_ID,NULL AUTHOR_ID,NULL AUTHOR_ID,Juan Carlos Gómez-Verján,NULL AUTHOR_ID +6 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the changes reported in glutamatergic neurotransmission components, such as Glu transporters and receptors during physiological aging and in the most studied neurodegenerative diseases, is provided.
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Iron Homeostasis and Neurodegeneration in the Aging Brain: Insight into Ferroptosis Pathways
Mohammed Alrouji,Saleha Anwar,Kumar Venkatesan,Moyad Shahwan,Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan,Asimul Islam,Anas Shamsi +6 more
Abstract: Ageing is a major risk factor for various chronic diseases and offers a potential target for developing novel and broadly effective preventatives or therapeutics for age-related conditions, including those affecting the brain. Mechanisms contributing to ageing have been summarized as the hallmarks of ageing, with iron imbalance being one of the major factors. Ferroptosis, an iron-mediated lipid peroxidation-induced programmed cell death, has recently been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). Addressing ferroptosis offers both opportunities and challenges for treating neurodegenerative diseases, though the specific mechanisms remain unclear. This research explores the key processes behind how ferroptosis contributes to brain ageing, with a focus on the complex signaling networks that are involved. The current article aims to uncover that how ferroptosis, a specific type of cell death, may drive age-related changes in the brain. Additionally, the article also unveils its role in neurodegenerative diseases, discussing how understanding these mechanisms could open up new therapeutic avenues.
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Pharmacological Approaches to Decelerate Aging: A Promising Path
TL;DR: The process of aging is affected by alteration in many cellular and signaling pathways amid which mTOR, SIRT1, and AMPK pathways are the most emphasized, as well as the role of inflammation and autophagy in aging.
Physical Activity and Psychological Resilience in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
E Tóth,Ferenc Ihász,Roberto Ruiz-Barquín,Attila Szabo +3 more
TL;DR: Cross-sectional research results support the positive relationship between physical activity and resilience in older adults, suggesting that the relationship might depend on exercise volume.
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