Aerogels in Aerospace: An Overview
TL;DR: Aerogels are highly porous structures prepared via a sol-gel process and supercritical drying technology as mentioned in this paper, and they exhibit the most remarkable physical properties, possessing lower density, thermal conductivity, refractive index, and dielectric constant than any solids.
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Abstract: Aerogels are highly porous structures prepared via a sol-gel process and supercritical drying technology. Among the classes of aerogels, silica aerogel exhibits the most remarkable physical properties, possessing lower density, thermal conductivity, refractive index, and dielectric constant than any solids. Its acoustical property is such that it can absorb the sound waves reducing speed to 100 m/s compared to 332 m/s for air. However, when it comes to commercialization, the result is not as expected. It seems that mass production, particularly in the aerospace industry, has dawdled behind. This paper highlights the evolution of aerogels in general and discusses the functions and significances of silica aerogel in previous astronautical applications. Future outer-space applications have been proposed as per the current research trend. Finally, the implementation of conventional silica aerogel in aeronautics is argued with an alternative known as Maerogel.
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Citations
Silica‐Based Aerogels for Building Transparent Components
Cinzia Buratti,Elisa Belloni,Francesca Merli,Costanza Vittoria Fiorini,Piergiovanni Domenighini,Michele Zinzi +5 more
- 17 Jun 2024
Silica aerogels: synthesis, properties, and applications
C. Sarathchandran,P.K. Renjith,Sekkar +2 more
- 01 Jan 2024
TL;DR: Silica aerogels are lightweight, porous materials with unique porosity and low density. They are made from various constituents and find use in various applications, including thermal insulation, dielectric shielding, and energy storage.
Greener production of high-performance silica xerogel: Upcycling waste glass using deep eutectic solvent-assisted extraction of residual Na+
Bo-Tai Yang,Yung‐Sen Lin,Chun-Chi Chen +2 more
TL;DR: Greener production of high-performance silica xerogel by upcycling waste glass using deep eutectic solvent-assisted extraction of residual Na+
Hierarchical polyimide-polyborosiloxane host-guest structure with impact resistance, acoustic and thermal insulation performance for electro-stability applications
Shuai Liu,Sheng Wang,Min Li Sang,Jianyu Zhou,Ting Xuan,Junshuo Zhang,Shouhu Xuan,Xinglong Gong +7 more
TL;DR: Researchers developed a hierarchical polyimide-polyborosiloxane composite that exhibits impact resistance, acoustic insulation, and thermal insulation, enabling reliable electrical stability against mechanical, sound, and thermal interferences for various applications.
Ambient pressure dried tetrapropoxysilane-based silica aerogels with high specific surface area
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the synthesis of tetrapropoxysilane (TPOS)-based silica aerogels with high surface area and large pore volume.
References
Chemistry of Aerogels and Their Applications
Alain Pierre,Gerard Pajonk +1 more
TL;DR: Aerogels form a new class of solids showing sophisticated potentialities for a range of applications, and can develop very attractive physical and chemical properties not achievable by other means of low temperature soft chemical synthesis.
2K
Coherent Expanded Aerogels and Jellies
S. S. Kistler,S. S. Kistler +1 more
TL;DR: The continuity of the liquid permeating jellies is demonstrated by diffusion, syneresis, and ultrafiltration, and the fact that the liquid may be replaced by other liquids of very diverse character indicates clearly that the gel structure may be independent of the fluid in which it is bathed as mentioned in this paper.
1.8K
Organic aerogels from the polycondensation of resorcinol with formaldehyde
TL;DR: In this paper, the polycondensation of resorcinol with formaldehyde under alkaline conditions results in the formation of surface functionalized polymer "clusters" which are processed under supercritical conditions to obtain low density, organic aerogels.
1.7K
Coherent Expanded-Aerogels
TL;DR: The two-phase structure of gels has been investigated extensively in colloid chemistry as discussed by the authors, and the results of diffusion experiments through gels, the fact that the electrical conductivity, refractive index, and vapor pressure before and after setting are identical, at least in certain cases, and the known facts of syneresis would seem to leave little room for doubt of the two phase nature of Gels in general.
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