Journal Article10.1038/NATURE07893
Adaptation and diversification on islands
TL;DR: Charles Darwin's travels on HMS Beagle taught him that islands are an important source of evidence for evolution, and island research provides valuable insights into speciation and adaptive radiation, and into the relative importance of contingency and determinism in evolutionary diversification.
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Abstract: Charles Darwin's travels on HMS Beagle taught him that islands are an important source of evidence for evolution. Because many islands are young and have relatively few species, evolutionary adaptation and species proliferation are obvious and easy to study. In addition, the geographical isolation of many islands has allowed evolution to take its own course, free of influence from other areas, resulting in unusual faunas and floras, often unlike those found anywhere else. For these reasons, island research provides valuable insights into speciation and adaptive radiation, and into the relative importance of contingency and determinism in evolutionary diversification.
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Citations
Island ontogenies, syngameons, and the origins and evolution of genetic diversity in the Canarian endemic flora
Juli Caujapé-Castells,Carlos García-Verdugo,Águedo Marrero-Rodríguez,José María Fernández-Palacios,Daniel J. Crawford,Mark E. Mort +5 more
TL;DR: A hypothetical framework that updates the Surfing Syngameon Hypothesis to explain the origins of the high genetic diversity of this flora is proposed in connection with the General Dynamic Model of Island Ontogeny and the available knowledge on the geology of the islands.
81
Single origin of the Mascarene stick insects: ancient radiation on sunken islands?
TL;DR: It is proposed that the Mascarene stick insects diversified on landmasses now eroded away, presumably to the north of Mauritius, and most likely allowed for adaptive speciation and served as significant sources of diversity that contributed to the biomes of the MASCarene archipelago and the megadiverse Madagascar.
Archipelagos of the Anthropocene: rapid and extensive differentiation of native terrestrial vertebrates in a single metropolis
Bethan L. Littleford-Colquhoun,Christofer J. Clemente,Martin J. Whiting,Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos,Celine H. Frère +4 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that city park ‘archipelagos’ could represent theatres for rapid evolution that may, in time, favour adaptive diversification.
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Biodiversity Conservation and Phylogenetic Systematics: Preserving our evolutionary heritage in an extinction crisis
Roseli Pellens,Philippe Grandcolas +1 more
- 01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors contribute to the ongoing international construction of strategies for reducing biodiversity losses by exploring several approaches for the conservation of phylogenetic diversity, and they hope that this concentrated effort will contribute to new solutions and attitudes towards a more effective preservation of our evolutionary heritage.
Equilibrium and non-equilibrium dynamics simultaneously operate in the Galápagos islands
TL;DR: It is shown that species richness on the archipelago is in an ascending phase and does not tend towards equilibrium, suggesting that avian diversity of remote islands is rising, and challenge the mutual exclusivity of the non‐equilibrium and equilibrium ecological paradigms.
References
The Theory of Island Biogeography
TL;DR: Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols used xiii 1.
14.1K
•Book
The Theory of Island Biogeography
Robert H. MacArthur,Edward O. Wilson +1 more
- 01 Jan 1967
TL;DR: The Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201
12.9K
The Theory of Island Biogeography
Abstract: Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201
9.8K
•Book
On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or, The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life
Charles Darwin
- 03 Sep 2009
TL;DR: The "Penguin Classics" edition of "On the Origin of Species" as discussed by the authors contains an introduction and notes by William Bynum, and features a cover designed by Damien Hirst.
7.8K