Activation of the subventricular zone in multiple sclerosis: Evidence for early glial progenitors
Brahim Nait-Oumesmar,Nathalie Picard-Riera,Christophe Kerninon,Laurence Decker,Danielle Seilhean,Günter U. Höglinger,Etienne C. Hirsch,Richard Reynolds,Anne Baron-Van Evercooren +8 more
TL;DR: Data indicate that, as in rodents, activation of gliogenesis in the SVZ occurs in MS and suggest the mobilization of SVZ-derived early glial progenitors to periventricular lesions, where they could give rise to oligodendrocyte precursors.
read more
Abstract: In multiple sclerosis (MS), oligodendrocyte and myelin destruction lead to demyelination with subsequent axonal loss. Experimental demyelination in rodents has highlighted the activation of the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the involvement of progenitor cells expressing the polysialylated form of neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) in the repair process. In this article, we studied the distribution of early PSA-NCAM+ progenitors in the SVZ and MS lesions in human postmortem brains. Compared with controls, MS SVZ showed a 2- to 3-fold increase in cell density and proliferation, which correlated with enhanced numbers of PSA-NCAM+ and glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive (GFAP+) cells. PSA-NCAM+ progenitors mainly were Sox9+, and a few expressed Sox10 and Olig2, markers of oligodendroglial specification. PSA-NCAM+ progenitors expressing Sox10 and Olig2 also were detected in demyelinated MS lesions. In active and chronic active lesions, the number of PSA-NCAM+ progenitors was 8-fold higher compared with chronic silent lesions, shadow plaques, and normal-appearing white matter. In active and chronic active lesions, PSA-NCAM+ progenitors were more frequent in periventricular lesions (30–50%) than in lesions remote from the ventricular wall. These data indicate that, as in rodents, activation of gliogenesis in the SVZ occurs in MS and suggest the mobilization of SVZ-derived early glial progenitors to periventricular lesions, where they could give rise to oligodendrocyte precursors. These early glial progenitors could be a potential target for therapeutic strategies designed to promote myelin repair in MS.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
Inhibition of Gli1 mobilizes endogenous neural stem cells for remyelination
Jayshree Samanta,Ethan M. Grund,Hernandez Moura Silva,Juan J. Lafaille,Gord Fishell,James L. Salzer +5 more
TL;DR: Recruitment of endogenous neural stem cells can be mobilized for the repair of demyelinated lesions by inhibiting Gli1, identifying a new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of demYelinating disorders.
Neural Stem Cells in Adult Mammals are not Astrocytes
TL;DR: In this article , the authors evaluated the evidence collected to date to establish whether classifying the NSCs as astrocytes is appropriate and useful, and they concluded that classifying adult mammalian NSC as an astrocell is potentially misleading.
Polysialylation at Early Stages of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation Promotes Myelin Repair.
Sebastian Werneburg,Hazel L S Fuchs,Iris Albers,Hannelore Burkhardt,Viktoria Gudi,Thomas Skripuletz,Martin Stangel,Rita Gerardy-Schahn,Herbert Hildebrandt +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that NCAM and ST8SIA2 promote oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin repair as well as motor recovery after cuprizone-induced demyelination and differential targeting of polysialyltransferases andpolysialic acid engineering are promising strategies to advance the treatment of demYelinating diseases.
Organoids: the Third Dimension of Human Brain Development and Disease
Georgia Kouroupi,Kanella Prodromidou,Florentia Papastefanaki,Era Taoufik,Rebecca Matsas +4 more
TL;DR: Researchers utilize brain organoids, three-dimensional in vitro models, to study human brain development and disease, offering a more realistic cellular environment than two-dimensional cultures, with potential for modeling brain evolution and treating brain disease.
Periventricular remyelination failure in multiple sclerosis: a substrate for neurodegeneration.
Matteo Tonietto,Emilie Poirion,Andrea Lazzarotto,Vito A. G. Ricigliano,Caroline Papeix,Michel Bottlaender,Benedetta Bodini,Bruno Stankoff +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that lesion proximity to ventricles is associated with a failure of myelin repair and support the hypothesis that a selective periventricular remyelination failure in combination with the large number of tracts connecting perivocentular lesions with cortical areas is a key mechanism contributing to cortical damage in multiple sclerosis.
References
Neuronal replacement from endogenous precursors in the adult brain after stroke
TL;DR: It is shown that stroke, caused by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in adult rats, leads to a marked increase of cell proliferation in the subventricular zone, and stroke induces differentiation of new neurons into the phenotype of most of the neurons destroyed by the ischemic lesion.
Long-distance neuronal migration in the adult mammalian brain
TL;DR: Grafted and endogenous SVZ cells in the lateral ventricle of adult mice migrate long distances and differentiate into neurons in the olfactory bulb.
2.4K
Cellular Composition and Three-Dimensional Organization of the Subventricular Germinal Zone in the Adult Mammalian Brain
TL;DR: The results suggest that chains of migrating neuroblasts in the SVZ may be derived from Type C cells, which had immature ultrastructural characteristics and were nestin-positive but negative to the other markers.
2K
Restricted proliferation and migration of postnatally generated neurons derived from the forebrain subventricular zone
TL;DR: The SVZa appears to constitute a specialized source of neuronal progenitor cells that differentiated into granule cells and periglomerular cells of the olfactory bulb-the two major types of interneurons.
1.9K
Autoradiographic and histological studies of postnatal neurogenesis. IV. Cell proliferation and migration in the anterior forebrain, with special reference to persisting neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb
TL;DR: The results established that the major target structure of cell production in the subependymal layer of the lateral ventricle in young‐adult rats is the olfactory bulb, with only moderate contribution made to the anterior neocortex and basal ganglia.