Acquiring “the Knowledge” of London's Layout Drives Structural Brain Changes

TL;DR: It is suggested that various long-axis specializations arise out of differences between the anterior and posterior hippocampus in large-scale network connectivity, the organization of entorhinal grid cells, and subfield compositions that bias the aHPC and pHPC towards pattern completion and separation, respectively.

TL;DR: An overview of the pathway from early nutrient deficiency to long-term brain function, cognition, and productivity, focusing on research from low- and middle-income countries is presented, with direct evidence of their impact on brain development scarce.

TL;DR: Recent studies indicate that the human hippocampus and entorhinal cortex support map-like spatial codes, and posterior brain regions such as parahippocampal and retrosplenial cortices provide critical inputs that allow cognitive maps to be anchored to fixed environmental landmarks.

TL;DR: It is concluded that cognitive reserve is compatible and complementary with many related concepts, but that each much draw sharper conceptual boundaries in order to truly explain preserved cognitive function in the face of aging or brain damage.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the steps involved in VBM, with particular emphasis on segmenting gray matter from MR images with non-uniformity artifact and provide evaluations of the assumptions that underpin the method, including the accuracy of the segmentation and the assumptions made about the statistical distribution of the data.

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TL;DR: Preliminary observations on the behaviour of hippocampusal units in the freely moving rat provide support for this theory of hippocampal function.

TL;DR: It is shown that aerobic exercise training increases the size of the anterior hippocampus, leading to improvements in spatial memory, and that increased hippocampal volume is associated with greater serum levels of BDNF, a mediator of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus.