ACP Broadsheet 128: June 1991. Laboratory methods for diagnosing cryptosporidiosis.
TL;DR: The infection usually produces a persistent, watery, offensive diarrhoea, often accompanied by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, vomiting (especially in children), and anorexia; about a third of cases have other symptoms including clinically important weight loss, fever, and cough.
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Abstract: CLINICAL FEATURES Cryptosporidium is now widely recognised as a cause of acute gastroenteritis, particularly in children. The infection in infants or the elderly is not particularly common, nor more severe. The infection usually produces a persistent, watery, offensive diarrhoea, often accompanied by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting (especially in children), and anorexia; about a third of cases have other symptoms including clinically important weight loss, fever, and cough. Cryptosporidium is also a cause of severe and potentially life-threatening disease in the immunocompromised, especially those with AIDS. In these patients the infection sometimes affects the biliary tract, pancreas, or the respiratory tract. Oocyst excretion and symptoms, including the degree of diarrhoea, can fluctuate during the course of the disease. Many patients stop excreting oocysts within one to three weeks of the disappearance of symptoms, but some excrete for several weeks, and a few continue to excrete for months. Asymptomatic infection may be more commonly found in underdeveloped areas with poor hygiene, or where there is close and frequent contact with livestock.2
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Citations
Cryptosporidium parvum in diarrheic calves detected by microscopy and identified by immunochromatographic and molecular methods
A Díaz-Lee,Rubén Mercado,E.O. Onuoha,E.O. Onuoha,Luiz S. Ozaki,P. Muñoz,Victor Muñoz,Francisco Martínez,Fernando Fredes +8 more
TL;DR: The results showed a high number of infected animals suggesting the parasite C. parvum as a major parasitic disease agent of neonatal calves with diarrhea in dairy farms of the Metropolitan Region (Santiago) of Chile.
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Cryptosporidium spp. in ruminants at the lisbon zoo
Esmeralda Delgado,Isabel Pereira da Fonseca,Isabel Fazendeiro,Olga Matos,Francisco Antunes,Margarida Barão da Cunha +5 more
TL;DR: Feces from 34 species of ruminants housed at the Lisbon Zoo was examined for Cryptosporidium spp.
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Identification of Cryptosporidium parvum genotype 2 in domestic horses
TL;DR: Identification of Cryptosporidium parvum genotype 2 in domestic horses and its role in diarrhoea and vomiting is confirmed.
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Prevalence and genotyping of bovine Cryptosporidium species in the Mediterranean and Central Anatolia Region of Turkey.
Alparslan Yildirim,Ramazan Adanir,Abdullah Inci,Bayram Ali Yukari,Önder Düzlü,Zuhal Onder,Arif Ciloglu,Emrah Simsek +7 more
TL;DR: The prevalence of Cryptosporidium species in calves and heifers with relation to diarrhea from several herds was investigated in this study, with C. parvum was the dominant species in pre-weaned calves especially with diarrhea while C. bovis and C. ryanae were mostly found in post-weaning calves andHeifers.
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•Journal Article
Parasites detected in neonatal and young calves with diarrhoes
TL;DR: Faecal samples obtained from 231 neonatal and young calves revealed that 188 (81.3%) of the calves were infected with one or more parasitic diarrhoea agents.
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References
Techniques for the recovery and identification of Cryptosporidium oocysts from stool specimens.
TL;DR: Based on comparative studies, the modified Ziehl-Neelsen carbolfuchsin stain on 10% Formalin-preserved stool is recommended for the recovery and identification of Cryptosporidium.
427
Three-Step Stool Examination for Cryptosporidiosis in 10 Homosexual Men with Protracted Watery Diarrhea
Pearl Ma,Rosemary Soave +1 more
TL;DR: A three-step stool examination was developed to demonstrate Cryptosporidium oocysts and the diagnostic and infective stages of the infection in 10 homosexual men with AIDS and has been designed to prevent confusion caused by yeast cells that are frequently present in stool, leading to a false diagnosis.
348
A comparison of endogenous development of three isolates of Cryptosporidium in suckling mice.
TL;DR: The presence of thin-walling, autoinfective oocysts and recycling of type I meronts may explain why a small oral inoculum can produce an overwhelming infection in a suitable host and why immune deficient persons can have persistent, life-threatening cryptosporidiosis in the absence of repeated oral exposure to thick-walled oocyst membrane.
274
Comparison of conventional staining methods and monoclonal antibody-based methods for Cryptosporidium oocyst detection.
TL;DR: The sensitivity and specificity of seven microscopy-based Cryptosporidium oocyst detection methods were compared after application to unconcentrated fecal smears and oocysts in infected tissue sections were easily detected by the MAb-based methods.
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