Open Access
Absorbed Dose Determination in External Beam Radiotherapy: An International Code of Practice for Dosimetry based on Standards of Absorbed Dose to Water
Pedro Andreo,David T Burns,Klaus Hohlfeld,Tatsuaki Kanai,Fedele Laitano,Vere Smyth +5 more
- 01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: This poster presents a probabilistic procedure for estimating the intensity values of radiolysis-like particles in the presence of X-ray diffraction waves.
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Abstract: Pedro Andreo, Dosimetry and Medical Radiation Physics Section, IAEA David T Burns, Bureau International des Poids et Measures (BIPM) Klaus Hohlfeld, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany M Saiful Huq, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA Tatsuaki Kanai, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Chiba, Japan Fedele Laitano, Ente per le Nuove Tecnologie L’Energia e L’Ambiente (ENEA), Rome, Italy Vere Smyth, National Radiation Laboratory (NRL), Christchurch, New Zealand Stefaan Vynckier, Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
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sources and effects of ionizing radiation
Nations United
- 01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: This annex is aimed at providing a sound basis for conclusions regarding the number of significant radiation accidents that have occurred, the corresponding levels of radiation exposures and numbers of deaths and injuries, and the general trends for various practices, in the context of the Committee's overall evaluations of the levels and effects of exposure to ionizing radiation.
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Radiochromic film dosimetry: Past, present, and future
TL;DR: Development of GAFCHROMIC™ film models through improvement in their sensitivity and uniformity as two dimensional detectors and future directions in development of this important dosimetric tool revolving around its possible use as a three-dimensional dosimeter and the energy dependence of the film's response are summarized.
610
Fifty years of Monte Carlo simulations for medical physics.
TL;DR: The history of the correction for wall attenuation and scatter in an ion chamber is presented as it demonstrates the interplay between a specific problem and the development of tools to solve the problem which in turn leads to applications in other areas.
Dosimetric characterization and use of GAFCHROMIC EBT3 film for IMRT dose verification.
Valeria Casanova Borca,Massimo Pasquino,Giuliana Russo,Pierangelo Grosso,Domenico Cante,Piera Sciacero,Giuseppe Girelli,Maria Rosa La Porta,Santi Tofani +8 more
TL;DR: The study confirms that EBT3 film can be used for clinical practice in the same way as the previous EBT2 film, and shows that the orientation dependence with respect to film side is completely eliminated.
391
Experimental characterization and physical modelling of the dose distribution of scanned proton pencil beams
TL;DR: The pencil beam dose model used for treatment planning at the PSI proton gantry, the only system presently applying proton therapy with a beam scanning technique, is presented, including the nuclear beam halo, which can predict quite precisely the dose directly from treatment planning without renormalization measurements.
345
References
Ionization measurements at very high intensities. Pulsed radiation beams.
TL;DR: In pulsed radiation beams the high ion density produced by each pulse encourages recombination between ions of opposite signs, so formulae are derived for the proportion of ions escaping recombination in plane parallel, cylindrical and spherical ionization chambers under a variety of different conditions.
153
Current collection and ionic recombination in small cylindrical ionization chambers exposed to pulsed radiation
TL;DR: The recombination correction for a small cylindrical ionization chamber exposed to pulsed radiation is reexamined in the light of new experimental evidence and the existing theory for an air-filled chamber is found to be accurate over the range of charge densities examined.
134
Stopping power data for high-energy photon beams
Pedro Andreo,Anders Brahme +1 more
TL;DR: Spencer-Attix stopping power ratios for the dosimetry of high-energy photon beams used in radiation therapy have been calculated using the Monte Carlo method and are given as a function of the attenuation properties of the beam.
127
Calculation of stopping-power ratios using realistic clinical electron beams
TL;DR: The Spencer-Attix water/air restricted mass collision stopping-power ratio is calculated in realistic electron beams in the energy range from 5-50 MeV for a variety of clinical accelerators including the Varian Clinac 2100C, the Philips SL75-20, the Siemens KD2, the AECL Therac 20, and the Scanditronix Medical Microtron 50.
126
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