A treatise on radiative transfer.

TL;DR: In this paper, the strength of magnetic fields in the broad line region of active galactic nuclei (AGN) was derived from the polarimetric observations of broad Hα lines and nearby continuum.

TL;DR: In this paper, a solution to Chandrasekhar's searchlight problem with isotropic scattering is presented for semi-infinite and finite geometries, and the scattering and transmission functions for the Fourier components of intensity are given by expressions analogous to those of the plane-parallel case, except that the physical domain of the variable ζ, which replaces the usual direction cosine, is now the circular region |ζ 1 2 | ≤ 1 2 in the complex plane, and also that the corresponding H-, X-, and Y-functions now depend on a

TL;DR: In this article, features of multiple light scattering by non-spherical particles are discussed and problems of the calculation accuracy, difficulties of simulations and construction of effective algorithms are considered as well as possible reasons for loss of accuracy and to the strong distortion of simulation results.

TL;DR: In this paper, a tractable physical model of radiation interception is developed which accounts for multiple scattering to be applicable for near infrared near vegetation canopies, which can be used to derive quantitative estimates of radiation intercepted by the canopy which will lead to improved retrievals of main vegetation parameters.