We show the latest progress towards establishing a solid-state, metropolitan quantum link, consisting of two remote Nitrogen Vacancy (NV)-centers and a central measurement station. The entanglement is generated by converting single emitted photons to the same frequency in the telecom L-band, guiding them to a central beamsplitter, where a joint Bell-state measurement projects the NV-centre spins in an entangled state.

A Telecom Infrastructure Compatible Quantum Link Using NV-centers

Large-scale quantum networks promise to enable secure communication, distributed quantum computing, enhanced sensing and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics through the distribution of entanglement across nodes1–7. Moving beyond current two-node networks8–13 requires the rate of entanglement generation between nodes to exceed the decoherence (loss) rate of the entanglement. If this criterion is met, intrinsically probabilistic entangling protocols can be used to provide deterministic remote entanglement at pre-specified times. Here we demonstrate this using diamond spin qubit nodes separated by two metres. We realize a fully heralded single-photon entanglement protocol that achieves entangling rates of up to 39 hertz, three orders of magnitude higher than previously demonstrated two-photon protocols on this platform14. At the same time, we suppress the decoherence rate of remote-entangled states to five hertz through dynamical decoupling. By combining these results with efficient charge-state control and mitigation of spectral diffusion, we deterministically deliver a fresh remote state with an average entanglement fidelity of more than 0.5 at every clock cycle of about 100 milliseconds without any pre- or post-selection. These results demonstrate a key building block for extended quantum networks and open the door to entanglement distribution across multiple remote nodes.

Deterministic delivery of remote entanglement on a quantum network.

The distribution of entangled states across the nodes of a future quantum internet will unlock fundamentally new technologies. Here, we report on the realization of a three-node entanglement-based quantum network. We combine remote quantum nodes based on diamond communication qubits into a scalable phase-stabilized architecture, supplemented with a robust memory qubit and local quantum logic. In addition, we achieve real-time communication and feed-forward gate operations across the network. We demonstrate two quantum network protocols without postselection: the distribution of genuine multipartite entangled states across the three nodes and entanglement swapping through an intermediary node. Our work establishes a key platform for exploring, testing, and developing multinode quantum network protocols and a quantum network control stack.

Realization of a multinode quantum network of remote solid-state qubits.

We report on the realization of a three-node entanglement-based quantum network. We combine remote quantum nodes based on diamond communication qubits into a scalable phase-stabilized architecture, supplemented with a robust memory qubit and local quantum logic. Also, we achieve real-time communication and feed-forward gate operations across the network. We demonstrate two key quantum network protocols without post-selection: the distribution of genuine multipartite entangled states across the three nodes and entanglement swapping through an intermediary node. Finally, we will discuss the most recent experiments using the network as a platform for exploring, testing, and developing multi-node quantum network protocols and a quantum network control stack.

Realization of a multi-node quantum network of remote solid-state qubits

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A Telecom Infrastructure Compatible Quantum Link Using NV-centers

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Deterministic delivery of remote entanglement on a quantum network.

Realization of a multinode quantum network of remote solid-state qubits.

Realization of a multi-node quantum network of remote solid-state qubits