Open AccessPosted Content
A Survey on Homomorphic Encryption Schemes: Theory and Implementation
TL;DR: The basics of HE and the details of the well-known Partially Homomorphic Encryption and Somewhat HomomorphicEncryption, which are important pillars of achieving FHE, are presented and the main FHE families, which have become the base for the other follow-up FHE schemes are presented.
read more
Abstract: Legacy encryption systems depend on sharing a key (public or private) among the peers involved in exchanging an encrypted message. However, this approach poses privacy concerns. Especially with popular cloud services, the control over the privacy of the sensitive data is lost. Even when the keys are not shared, the encrypted material is shared with a third party that does not necessarily need to access the content. Moreover, untrusted servers, providers, and cloud operators can keep identifying elements of users long after users end the relationship with the services. Indeed, Homomorphic Encryption (HE), a special kind of encryption scheme, can address these concerns as it allows any third party to operate on the encrypted data without decrypting it in advance. Although this extremely useful feature of the HE scheme has been known for over 30 years, the first plausible and achievable Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) scheme, which allows any computable function to perform on the encrypted data, was introduced by Craig Gentry in 2009. Even though this was a major achievement, different implementations so far demonstrated that FHE still needs to be improved significantly to be practical on every platform. First, we present the basics of HE and the details of the well-known Partially Homomorphic Encryption (PHE) and Somewhat Homomorphic Encryption (SWHE), which are important pillars of achieving FHE. Then, the main FHE families, which have become the base for the other follow-up FHE schemes are presented. Furthermore, the implementations and recent improvements in Gentry-type FHE schemes are also surveyed. Finally, further research directions are discussed. This survey is intended to give a clear knowledge and foundation to researchers and practitioners interested in knowing, applying, as well as extending the state of the art HE, PHE, SWHE, and FHE systems.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
•Posted Content
Federated Machine Learning: Concept and Applications
TL;DR: This work proposes building data networks among organizations based on federated mechanisms as an effective solution to allow knowledge to be shared without compromising user privacy.
2.5K
Secure, privacy-preserving and federated machine learning in medical imaging
TL;DR: An overview of current and next-generation methods for federated, secure and privacy-preserving artificial intelligence with a focus on medical imaging applications, alongside potential attack vectors and future prospects in medical imaging and beyond are presented.
A Survey on Homomorphic Encryption Schemes: Theory and Implementation
TL;DR: The basics of HE and the details of the well-known Partially Homomorphic Encryption and Somewhat Homomorphic encryption schemes, which are important pillars for achieving FHE, are presented and the implementations and recent improvements in Gentry-type FHE schemes are surveyed.
865
A Secure Federated Transfer Learning Framework
TL;DR: This work introduces a new technique and framework, known as federated transfer learning (FTL), to improve statistical modeling under a data federation, which allows knowledge to be shared without compromising user privacy and enables complementaryknowledge to be transferred across domains in a data Federation.
619
Secure Federated Matrix Factorization
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a secure matrix factorization framework under the federated learning setting, called FedMF, where each user only uploads the gradient information (instead of the raw preference data) to the server.
373
References
New Directions in Cryptography
TL;DR: This paper suggests ways to solve currently open problems in cryptography, and discusses how the theories of communication and computation are beginning to provide the tools to solve cryptographic problems of long standing.
A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems
TL;DR: An encryption method is presented with the novel property that publicly revealing an encryption key does not thereby reveal the corresponding decryption key.
A public key cryptosystem and a signature scheme based on discrete logarithms
Taher Elgamal
- 23 Aug 1985
TL;DR: A new signature scheme is proposed, together with an implementation of the Diffie-Hellman key distribution scheme that achieves a public key cryptosystem that relies on the difficulty of computing discrete logarithms over finite fields.
A Method for Obtaining Digital Signatures and Public Key Cryptosystems (Formerly on Digital Signatures and Public Key Cryptosystems)
Ronald L. Rivest,Adi Shamir,Len Adelman +2 more
- 01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: In this paper, a message is encrypted by representing it as a number M, raising M to a publicly specified power e, and then taking the remainder when the result is divided by the publicly specified product, n, of two large secret prime numbers p and q.
8.2K
Public-key cryptosystems based on composite degree residuosity classes
Pascal Paillier
- 02 May 1999
TL;DR: A new trapdoor mechanism is proposed and three encryption schemes are derived : a trapdoor permutation and two homomorphic probabilistic encryption schemes computationally comparable to RSA, which are provably secure under appropriate assumptions in the standard model.
Related Papers (5)
Li Tao,Ye Xiaojun,Wang Jianmin +2 more
- 30 Oct 2012
Nitesh Aggarwal,C. P. Gupta,Iti Sharma +2 more
- 01 Dec 2014