A study of progress of labour using intrapartum translabial ultrasound, assessing head station, direction, and angle of descent.

TL;DR: Several ultrasound parameters, including intrapartum transperineal ultrasound (ITU) head station, angle of progression (AOP), head–perineum distance (HPD) and head‐symphysis distance (HSD) are analyzed and compared with digital palpation to assess fetal head station during labor.

TL;DR: Ultrasound has the potential to predict labor outcome in women with prolonged second stage of labor and could guide whether vacuum delivery should be attempted or if cesarean is preferable, whether senior staff should be in attendance, and if the vacuum attempt should be performed in the operating theater.

TL;DR: To compare longitudinal changes in angle of progression (AoP) and midline angle (MLA) during the active second stage of labor according to the mode of delivery, a cross-sectional study is conducted at the second trimester of pregnancy.

TL;DR: The objectives of this study were firstly to assess the longitudinal changes of various sonographic parameters of fetal head progression in relation to length of active second stage of labor, and secondly to compare ultrasound findings obtained longitudinally among fetuses with persistent occiput posterior vs those with persistent Occiput anterior position.

TL;DR: In this article, an alternative approach, based on graphical techniques and simple calculations, is described, together with the relation between this analysis and the assessment of repeatability, which is often used in clinical comparison of a new measurement technique with an established one.

TL;DR: The problems of some applications of correlation and regression methods to these studies are described, using recent examples from this literature, and the 95% limits of agreement approach and a similar, appropriate, regression technique are described.

TL;DR: To assess the feasibility and reproducibility of measuring fetal head station and descent during labor using transperineal ultrasound (TPU) imaging, to compare the evaluation of fetal station through digital examinations with concurrent TPU assessments, and to assess its utility in distinguishing patients whose pregnancy will result in spontaneous vaginal delivery from those who will require operative vaginal delivery or Cesarean section.

TL;DR: To investigate the accuracy of intrapartum transvaginal digital examination in defining the position of the fetal head before instrumental delivery, a large number of patients with high-risk pregnancies are surveyed.