Journal Article10.1080/14640749408401131
A Solution to the Effect of Sample Size on Outlier Elimination
Mark Van Selst,Pierre Jolicoeur +1 more
878
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate how a non-recursive, a simple recursive, a modified recursive, and a hybrid outlier elimination procedure are influenced by population skew and sample size.
read more
Abstract: Results from a Monte Carlo study demonstrate how a non-recursive, a simple recursive, a modified recursive, and a hybrid outlier elimination procedure are influenced by population skew and sample size. All the procedures are based on computing a mean and a standard deviation from a sample in order to determine whether an observation is an outlier. Miller (1991) showed that the estimated mean produced by the simple non-recursive procedure can be affected by sample size and that this effect can produce a bias in certain kinds of experiments. We extended this result to the other three procedures. We also create two new procedures in which the criterion used to identify outliers is adjusted as a function of sample size so as to produce results that are unaffected by sample size.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
Congruency effects on recognition memory: A context effect
Tamara M. Rosner,Bruce Milliken +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that additional encoding time itself does not invariably result in better recognition for more difficult selective attention items, and the dependence of recognition memory on encoding difficulty appears to reflect a context-sensitive control response to encoding difficulty.
The development of lexical representations: evidence from the position of the diverging letter effect.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the literacy level of the reader determines whether facilitation or interference effects for late diverging nonwords are observed, and it is proposed that the combination of the readiness with which lexical information is activated and the refining of the mechanism that balances the contributions of the lexical and sublexical procedures is proposed.
8
Hypnotic Ability and Baseline Attention: fMRI Findings From Stroop Interference
Michael Lifshitz,Amir Raz,Sir Mortimer +2 more
- 01 Jun 2015
TL;DR: Findings from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) show that high-hypnotizable participants, compared with low- Hypnotizables, may maintain a distinct baseline of attention even outside of hypnosis or suggestion.
8
Contingency blindness: Location-identity binding mismatches obscure awareness of spatial contingencies and produce profound interference in visual working memory
Chris M. Fiacconi,Bruce Milliken +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that binding mismatches can interfere substantially with visual-memory performance and imply a close interplay between object files and visual working memory.
The ties that keep us bound: Top-down influences on the persistence of shape-from-motion
TL;DR: In the present study, perceptual persistence for digits exceeded that reported for nonsense shapes composed of the same line segments, taken as evidence that the processes involved in the persistence of SFM, and therefore sustained perception, are sensitive to top-down influences.
8
References
Uniqueness of abrupt visual onset in capturing attention
John Jonides,Steven Yantis +1 more
TL;DR: Experiments are reported investigating whether abrupt onset is simply one member of a large class of stimulus characteristics, all of which are capable of capturing attention, and whether these also could elicit shifts of attention.
Chronometric evidence for central postponement in temporally overlapping tasks
Harold Pashler,James C. Johnston +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, two general types of models have been proposed to account for response delays: capacity sharing and postponement models, which assume that processing stages in the second task are delayed due to a single-channel bottleneck.
Analysis of Response Time Distributions: An Example Using the Stroop Task
TL;DR: In this paper, the shape of a response time (RT) distribution can be described by a 3-parameter model consisting of the convolution of the normal and exponential distributions, the ex-Gaussian.
545
Reaction time analysis with outlier exclusion: bias varies with sample size.
TL;DR: Simulations show that there is substantial differential bias when comparing conditions with fewer than 10 observations against conditions with more than 20, and strongly skewed distributions and a cutoff of 3.0 standard deviations can influence comparisons of conditions with even more observations.
377