A semi-analytical approach to non-linear shock acceleration

TL;DR: In this article, the authors review some recent progress in semi-analytic kinetic approaches to the problem of non linear particle acceleration at non relativistic shock waves, and present a model for non-linear particle acceleration in non-relativistic environments.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the most recent developments in the understanding of the acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays up to the highest energies, focusing on the theory of particle acceleration at shock waves, the transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays, and implications of up-to-date observations for the origin of ultra high energy cosmic rays.

TL;DR: Researchers predict nonthermal signatures from supernova remnants at the radiative stage, including radio and gamma-ray brightening, detectable with current instruments and resolvable with future telescopes, providing a new method for observing shell formation.

TL;DR: The width of a collisionless shock is connected to the spectral index of cosmic rays it accelerates. An instability analysis shows that the shock width increases by a factor ∼8–10 when the fraction of upstream particles that are accelerated becomes larger than ∼30%.

TL;DR: In this article, the central idea of diffusive shock acceleration is presented from microscopic and macroscopic viewpoints; applied to reactionless test particles in a steady plane shock, the mechanism is shown to produce a power law spectrum in momentum with a slope which, to lowest order in the ratio of plasma to particle speed, depends only on the compression in the shock.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the history and theory of particle acceleration is presented, paying particular attention to theories of parallel shocks which include the backreaction of accelerated particles on the shock structure, and the work that computer simulations, both plasma and Monte Carlo, are playing in revealing how thermal ions interact with shocks.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a simple model of nonlinear diffusive shock acceleration (also called first-order Fermi shock acceleration) that determines the shock modification, spectrum, and efficiency of the process in the plane-wave, steady state approximation as a function of an arbitrary injection parameter, η.

TL;DR: The first detection of TeV gamma-ray emission from a supernova remnant made with the CANGAROO 3.8 m Telescope was reported in this article, where the observed TeV Gamma-ray flux was $(2.4\pm 0.5(statistical) \pm 0.5(systematic) \times 10-12}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$-1}$ ($\ge 3.0\mm 0.9$ TeV) and $ (4.6 \pm 1.7\pm0.