A second common mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene: an additional risk factor for neural-tube defects?

TL;DR: The clinical aspects of Psoriasis, its genetic susceptibility and the current landscape of genetic targets for psoriasis pharmacotherapy are summarized and the potential for improvement of patient care is highlighted.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the C677T MTHFR mutation contributed to higher uric acid levels in subjects enrolled in this study, and may be a risk factor for hyperuricemia in elderly men.

TL;DR: The present results suggest that the heterozygous genotype MTR 2756AG is associated with the increase in plasma Hcy concentrations in this group of Brazilian patients with DS.

TL;DR: The B vitamins folate and B12 are the main de terminants of tHcy, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive disease such as dementia.

TL;DR: An unexplained elevated level of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein in the second trimester of pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of subsequent fetal death, up to four to five months after alphafetoprotein screening.

TL;DR: A randomized, controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation to test the efficacy of this treatment in reducing the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects.

Abstract: BACKGROUND The risk of recurrent neural-tube defects is decreased in women who take folic acid or multivitamins containing such during the periconceptional period. The extent to which folic acid supplementation can reduce the first occurrence of defects is not known. METHODS We conducted a randomized, controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation to test the efficacy of this treatment in reducing the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects. Women planning a pregnancy (in most cases their first) were randomly assigned to receive a single tablet of a vitamin supplement (containing 12 vitamins, including 0.8 mg of folic acid; 4 minerals; and 3 trace elements) or a trace-element supplement (containing copper, manganese, zinc, and a very low dose of vitamin C) daily for at least one month before conception and until the date of the second missed menstrual period or later. RESULTS Pregnancy was confirmed in 4753 women. The outcome of the pregnancy (whether the fetus or infant had a neural-tube defect or congenital malformation) was known in 2104 women who received the vitamin supplement and in 2052 who received the trace-element supplement. Congenital malformations were significantly more prevalent in the group receiving the trace-element supplement than in the vitamin-supplement group (22.9 per 1000 vs. 13.3 per 1000, P = 0.02). There were six cases of neural-tube defects in the group receiving the trace-element supplement, as compared with none in the vitamin-supplement group (P = 0.029). The prevalence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate was not reduced by periconceptional vitamin supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Periconceptional vitamin use decreases the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects.