A revised infrageneric classification and synopsis of the Afro-Eurasian genus Moraea (Iridaceae: Irideae)
TL;DR: This work proposes a new infrageneric classification of Moraea, based, as far as current data permit, on phylogenetic principles, and recognizes 11 subgenera, 15 sections and three series, arranged as follows in phylogenetic sequence.
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Abstract: Molecular phylogenetic studies of Moraea Mill. and the inclusion of Barnardiella Goldblatt, Galaxia Thunb., Gynandriris Parl., Hexaglottis Vent., Homeria Vent. and Roggeveldia Goldblatt in the genus have rendered the existing infrageneric classification, dating from 1976, in need of substantial revision. In particular, subg. Moraea and subg. Vieusseuxia have been shown to be paraphyletic. We propose a new infrageneric classification, based, as far as current data permit, on phylogenetic principles. Monophyletic subgenera and sections are circumscribed based on molecular phylogenies alone or in combination with morphological considerations. We recognize 11 subgenera, 15 sections and three series, arranged as follows in phylogenetic sequence: Plumarieae ; Visciramosae (with sect. Multifoliae and sect. Visciramosae ); Moraea (with sect. Moraea and sect. Polyphyllae ); Galaxia (with ser. Unguiculatae , ser. Eurystigma and ser. Galaxia ); Monocephalae ; Acaules ; Polyanthes (with sect. Serpentinae , sect. Deserticola , sect. Hexaglottis , sect. Gynandriris , sect. Polyanthes and sect. Pseudospicatae ); Grandifl orae ; Vieusseuxia (with sect. Integres , sect. Vieusseuxia and sect. Villosae ); and Homeria (with sect. Stipanthera , sect. Flexuosae , sect. Homeria and sect. Conantherae ). Most are moderately to well circumscribed at the morphological level either by floral or vegetative characters, except subg. Moraea , which includes a small number of unspecialized species apparently not linked by any apomorphic features. With over 27 new species described in the past 25 years and another 60 transferred to the genus, Moraea now includes 214 species. We provide a full taxonomic synopsis of the genus.
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Figures
TABLE 1.—Additional Moraea species sequenced in this study with voucher information and GenBank/EMBL accession number for each gene region. Accession numbers for taxa not listed here can be found in Goldblatt et al. (2002) and Schnitzler et al. (2011). 
FIGURE 1.—Maximum Likelihood phylogeny of Moraea. Support values at nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities, and bootstrap values from the Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony analyses respectively if pp > 0.5, or BS > 50%. The subgeneric classifi cation is indicated by black bars on the right.
Citations
New species of Gladiolus L. and Moraea Mill. (Iridaceae) from Tanzania and Mozambique
TL;DR: Two new species of this large African and Eurasian genus of Iridaceae subfamily Crocoideae, both from Tanzania, are added, bringing the total in the genus in tropical Africa to 84 species and the entire genus to 270 species.
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Eight new species of Moraea (Iridaceae) from southern Africa with range extensions and morphological notes in the genus
Peter Goldblatt,John C. Manning +1 more
TL;DR: Eight new southern African species in the largely sub-Saharan African genus Moraea L., one from the winterdry Great Karoo and the others from theWinter-rainfall zone of the southwest of the subcontinent are described, bringing to light range extensions of a further eight species.
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Taxonomy of the Moraea saxicola complex (Iridaceae: Iridoideae) of arid, western southern Africa, with the new species, M. acocksii, M. geminifolia, M. quartzicola and M. teretifolia
TL;DR: The M. saxicola complex, previously a Namibian endemic, is expanded to include plants from southern Namaqualand and the Richtersveld, and the complex now includes eight species, and a complete revision of all species is provided.
3
Moraea orthrosantha (Iridaceae: Irideae), a new species from Namaqualand, South Africa
Peter Goldblatt,John C. Manning +1 more
TL;DR: Maea orthrosantha is described as a new species, differing from Moraea margaretae inthe well-developed nodes between the cauline leaves, which increases the understanding of the diversity of Moraea in southern Africa and assists in conservation assessments of both M. Margaretae and M. Orthrosantha.
3
Review of chromosome cytology in Moraea (Iridaceae: Irideae): what chromosomes reveal about the evolution of the genus
Peter Goldblatt,John C. Manning +1 more
TL;DR: Compared to most other genera of Iridaceae in sub-Saharan Africa, chromosome number and karyotype are unusually variable so that sampling of multiple populations of species is required to establish these characters.
3
References
MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees
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