A non-equilibrium superradiant phase transition in free space
TL;DR: In this article , a pencil-shaped cloud of laser cooled atoms in free space, optically excited along its main axis, was used to observe the predicted phase transition between a phase where all the atomic dipoles are phaselocked and a phase governed by superradiant spontaneous emission.
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Abstract: A class of systems exists in which dissipation, external drive and interactions compete and give rise to non equilibrium phases that would not exist without the drive. There, phase transitions could occur without the breaking of any symmetry, yet with a local order parameter, in contrast with the Landau theory of phase transitions at equilibrium. One of the simplest driven dissipative quantum systems consists of two-level atoms enclosed in a volume smaller than the wavelength of the atomic transition cubed, driven by a light field. The competition between collective coupling of the atoms to the driving field and their cooperative decay should lead to a transition between a phase where all the atomic dipoles are phaselocked and a phase governed by superradiant spontaneous emission. Here, we realize this model using a pencil-shaped cloud of laser cooled atoms in free space, optically excited along its main axis, and observe the predicted phases. Our demonstration is promising in view of obtaining free-space superradiant lasers or to observe new types of time crystals.
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Citations
Characterizing superradiant dynamics in atomic arrays via a cumulant expansion approach
TL;DR: Based on a cumulant expansion of the equations of motion, the authors derived exact analytical expressions for the emission properties and numerically analyzed the full manybody problem resulting in the collective decay process for unprecedented system sizes of up to a few hundred atoms.
Continuous Sensing and Parameter Estimation with the Boundary Time Crystal.
TL;DR: The boundary time crystal exhibits continuous sensing and parameter estimation capabilities, with sensitivity scaling as sqrt[T]N, which follows the standard quantum limit in time and Heisenberg scaling in the particle number.
Quantum metrology with boundary time crystals
Victor Montenegro,Marco G. Genoni,Abolfazl Bayat,Matteo G. A. Paris +3 more
- 17 Oct 2023
TL;DR: Researchers demonstrate quantum-enhanced sensitivity in boundary time crystals, a dissipative phase of matter, by harnessing decoherence through a second-order transition, revealing quantum Fisher information and critical exponents with potential for practical applications.
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Quantum trajectories of dissipative time crystals
Albert Cabot,Leah Sophie Muhle,Federico Carollo,Igor Lesanovsky +3 more
TL;DR: Quantum trajectories of dissipative time crystals exhibit critical behavior and signatures of the time-crystal phase in the photon count and homodyne current signals.
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Nonreciprocal Superradiant Phase Transitions and Multicriticality in a Cavity QED System
Chang-Sheng Hu,Hui Wang,Wei Qin,Xin-You Lü,Franco Nori +4 more
TL;DR: Nonreciprocal superradiant phase transitions and multicriticality in a cavity QED system exhibit nonreciprocal first- and second-order superradiant phase transitions and two types of multicritical points.
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•Posted Content
Laser driven superradiant ensembles of two-level atoms near Dicke's regime
G. Ferioli,Antoine Glicenstein,Francis Robicheaux,R. T. Sutherland,Antoine Browaeys,Igor Ferrier-Barbut +5 more
TL;DR: Dicke superradiance in the emission of an almost fully inverted system as a function of the atom number is investigated and is in qualitative agreement with ab-initio, beyond-mean-field calculations.
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