A geospatially-enabled web tool for urban water demand forecasting and assessment of alternative urban water management strategies
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TL;DR: The capacity of IUWM for the assessment of the spatiotemporal variability of water consumption and effects of water demand management strategies under climate and urban growth scenarios is discussed.
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Abstract: This study develops and demonstrates the Integrated Urban Water Model (IUWM) for forecasting urban water demand with options to assess effects of water conservation and reuse. While water and energy balance drive hydrologic, storage and recycling simulations on a daily timestep, social and infrastructural processes are resolved by spatially distributed parameters. IUWM is deployed as an online tool with geographical information system (GIS) interfaces, enhancing its ease of use and applicability at building to municipal scales. The performance of the model at varying spatial scales was evaluated with extensive water metering data for the City of Fort Collins, Colorado. The calibrated model provided very good estimates of demands at individual block group as well as the municipal service area. The capacity of IUWM for the assessment of the spatiotemporal variability of water consumption and effects of water demand management strategies under climate and urban growth scenarios is discussed.
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Insights into declining single-family residential water demands
William B. Deoreo,Peter Mayer +1 more
Abstract: Water use, especially indoor use, in single‐family residences has declined since 1995 and is expected to continue to do so as new technologies enter the market. This conclusion is unavoidable when empirical data from residential end use studies dating back to 1995 are compared. Furthermore, the observed declines in indoor use are not related to economic conditions—the bulk of the data used for the analysis were taken before the 2008 recession. This article presents key data and findings from a 16‐year data collection effort and closely examines changes in water use over that time as well as the potential for additional residential demand reductions in the future. The demand data presented here show patterns in single‐family indoor and outdoor demands and provide a basis for future water supply planning and conservation program design.
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